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Jan. 31, 2024: ch. 7 notes - Coggle Diagram

- - - - neutral stimulus: a stimulus/object that has no effect on the dog
        
        in this case, the bell, prior to conditioning
      - unconditional stimulus: in this case, the food, prior to conditioning
        
        remains the unconditioned stimulus, even after conditioning
      - acquisition: the initial stage of learning in which the unconditioned stimulus and neutral stimulus are paired
        
        for example, the repeated trials of ringing the bell and giving food
        
        closer pairings (of the bell and food) make stronger associations
        
        "novel stimuli" are stronger than commonplace ones
        
        easier to make a "new association" than to replace an old one
        
        "blank slate"
      - extinction: gradual weakening and potential disappearance of a conditional response tendency
      - spontaneous recovery: reappearance of an extinguished (seemingly extinct) response after a period of non-exposure to the conditioned stimulus
        
        depending on the "former" association/how strong it was
      - higher order conditioning: like a domino effect
        
        conditioning of a second neutral stimulus by pairing it with the original conditioned stimulus, without the original unconditioned stimulus
        
        for example, pairing a hand clap with salivating, without using the food "reward"
      - conditioned taste aversion
        
        when neutral stimulus (eating a specific food) is paired with an unconditional stimulus (food poisoning)
        
        resulting in an unconditioned response (getting sick from a specific food)
        
        usually only needs one pairing
        
        occurs only with food and nausea
        
        6 hours?
      - stimulus generalization: when someone has learned a response to a specific stimulus, and responds the same way to a new stimuli that's similar to the original stimulus
        
        such as the generalized fear of guns: learning to fear a certain pistol, then that carries onto the fear of guns in general
      - stimulus discrimination; when someone learned a response to a certain stimulus, and discriminate the specific stimulus from other similar ones (not generalizing)
        
        process may occur overtime
      - operant conditioning
        
        same thing as instrumental learning
        
        learning from the consequences of our choices
        
        "learning in which responses are controlled by their actions"
        
        can involve learning new actions
        
        actions are "voluntary"
        
        builds on classical conditioning and the law of effect