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Hardware and software - Coggle Diagram

- - - - PowerPoint, Impress
    - - Access, Base
    - - Excel, Calc
    - - Pant, Paint Shop Pro, Draw
    - - Word, Writer
  - - - Windows, Linux, Mac OS
- - - - ASCII is a coede to represent the letters of the alphabet and more symbols in binary system
- - - - Memory and units of storage
        
        Cache memory
        
        It's quicker than the RAM. It's used to store information that the microprocessor uses most often
        
        ROM BIOS
        
        It's where the instructions of checking the cmputer when you switch it on are stored.
        
        RAM (random access memory)
        
        It's used to copy information because is quicker than the hard disk, but before switching off the computer you must save the information in the hard disk, because RAM doesn't retain information
        
        Storage devices
        
        They're used to save data permanently
        
        Optical disks
        
        Discs, CDs, Blu-ray Discs are optical disks. They have grooves where data is stored. They're read by a laser that reflects on the surface of the disk, and the lightreflected is interpretated as 1 and 0.
        
        Solid-state memory
        
        They use transistors as switches. They can be opened and closed. Pen drives and memory cards are solid-state memory.
        
        Magnetic disks
        
        Tiny magnets that represent the numbers 1 and 0. It spins to be read. The most common one is the hard disk
      - Motherboard and connecting devices
        
        Motherboard
        
        All the components are here. The components are connected with wires.
        
        IDE (integrated device electronics), ATA (advanced technology attachment) and SATA (serial ATA) that connect the hard to the motherboard
        
        Chipset, that controlls the flow of bits and bytes.
        
        Slots
        
        PCI (peripheral component interconnect)
        
        PCI-Express
        
        Input and output ports
        
        External devices
        
        Hard disks, DVD drivers, etc
        
        Connected to ports (USB, LAN, HDMI, eSATA, S/PDIF, etc)
        
        Expansion slots to connect the graphics card or the sound card
        
        To install new devices you need
        
        Asistente para agregar hardware, in Windows
        
        Informe sobre nuevos dispositivos (Hermes), in Linux
        
        To change a device properties you need
        
        Administrador de dispositivos, in Windows
        
        Gestor de dispositivos, in Linux
      - Microprocessor
        
        Today's microprocessor can process 64 bits at a time
        
        Its power depends on its cache memory and the speed at wich communicates with it the RAM memory
        
        Clock rate
        
        Sets the pace at with processes are completed