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Cultural Values in Artistic Expressions - Coggle Diagram
Cultural Values in Artistic Expressions
Aesthetics
Starting from the critique and evaluation of art, historians attribute values to works depending on their aesthetics.
AESTHETICS: It is the study of the essence, perception, and sensation of beauty, subjectively defined.
The perception of aesthetics, like its counterpart, beauty, changes according to the historical moment.
Quick review of the Art History
Jenocrates of Sicyon was the first to theorize about art in ancient Greece.
Pliny the Elder, a Roman, wrote several volumes on the history of art.
During the Enlightenment in the 18th century, historians positioned themselves as scientists.
In the 19th century, the first historiographical movement was created: Formalism.
Formalism
It is a movement that emphasizes the value of aesthetics (or in its time, beauty) above other considerations.
It focuses solely on Form, overlooking the social or ethical values associated with the pieces.
In response to this movement, Iconography is created.
ICONOGRAPHY
It seeks to go beyond form, exploring the meaning of the pieces. From iconography, iconology emerges, studying the origin, transmission, and meaning of images
Interdisciplinary Perspective
To comprehensively study a work, attention must be paid to other points:
Historical Materialism, where the economic circumstances surrounding the piece are analyzed.
The psychology of art, which studies the piece as a social phenomenon capable of communication.
The theory of perception, based on Gestalt principles.
The Psychology of Color.
Instruments of Historical Interpretation
These are tools that assist the historian in positioning both the artwork and its context correctly. Some tools may include:
Timeline: Allows visualization of events over geographic locations, centuries, years, etc.
Geographic Map: Describes the reality of a context.
Ancient Map: Describes the reality of a context in another historical period, used when there is limited information.
Historical Map: Describes the historical reality when there is a wealth of information
The Pictorial Language
Light
Color
Composition
Each painting, sculpture, or building has a pictorial language that can be studied, based on various elements
Perspective
Pictorial Materials (fresco, oil, tempera, watercolor, pastel, gouache, acrylic)
line
Cultural Heritage
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizatio
Intangible Heritage
Language, literature, music, dance, games, sports, culinary traditions, rituals, mythologies, knowledge related to craftsmanship, cultural spaces, social events, festive acts, practices related to nature, and the universe
Cultural heritage can be of any nature: traditional, industrial, intangible, contemporary, underwater, or natural.
The designation is given by UNESCO when a country decides to inscribe a certain monument or tradition on the list.
It is a variable concept, as it depends on the value that a social group assigns to something in history, determining that it should be protected and preserved.
World Heritage refers to designations that involve the entire planet, meaning they are inheritable for humanity.
Intangible Heritage in México
Las fiestas indígenas dedicadas a la muerte
Ceremonia ritual de los Voladores
Lugar de memoria y tradición de los otomichichimecas de Tolimán, en La Peña de Bernal
La Pirekua, canto tradicional de comunidades indígenas p’urhépechas
La cocina tradicional mexicana
El mariachI, música y canto con cuerda y trompeta
Los parachicos en la fiesta tradicional de Chiapa de Corzo