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Derm Exam 2 Martinaise - Coggle Diagram

- - - - growth period
        
        2-6 years
        
        makes thick, well pigmented hair
        
        90% of healthy scalp in this phase
    - - transition period
        
        1 - 6 weeks
        
        base of the follicle shrivels
    - - Resting period
        
        lasts 3 to 5 months
        
        shrunken follicle retains hair fiber
  - - - Dx?
        
        Alopecia Areata
        
        Chronic, relapsing
        
        nonscarring hair loss
        
        Equal in M and W
        
        50% starts in childhood
        
        80% before 40 y.o.
        
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        Patho
        
        Autoimmune mediated disruption of nml hair
        
        triggered by
        
        Viral inf
        
        Trauma
        
        Hormonal change
        
        Emotional Physical stress
        
        Possible in PTs on biologic meds
        
        T-lymphs around hair follicles
        
        CD8+
        
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        Clinical Manifestations
        
        Patchy hair loss
        
        1-4 cm
        
        may have short stubs of hair
        
        Possible nail dystrophy
        
        more severe in kids
        
        concurrently with atopic derm.
        
        Ophiasis
        
        wave shape loss of hair
        
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        Possible trichodynia
        
        Can progress to loss of hair over entire body
        
        To diagnose?
        
        Trichoscopy
        
        skin biopsy
        
        Treatment
        
        hair regrows, usually dont treat.
        
        if need to treat --> intralesional injections of triamcinolone
        
        Also ultrapotent topical steroids
        
        Minoxidil foam
        
        Dithranol
      - Confirms history of other autoimmune conditions
    - - Loss of hair on central scalp
        
        hair started to thin in early 20s.
        
        Dx?
        
        Androgenic Alopecia
        
        Path
        
        DHT causes terminal hair follicles to transform into vellus
        
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        Can happen in women
        
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        Treatment
        
        Finasteride
        
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        Topical Minoxidil
        
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        hair transplant
      - White New Balance Sneakers
        
        Denim shorts
      - 20 year old woman with
        
        Pain, erythema and swelling of great toe of L foot
        
        States she usually walks barefoot
        
        small abscess noted near cuticle
        
        Dx?
        
        Paronychia
        
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        Multi-system Nail Stuff
        
        Splinter hemorrhage
        
        describe?
        
        small, linear, dark brown lesions. move with nail as it grows.
        
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        Nail fold erythema
        
        possible indicator of?
        
        connective tissue Dz
        
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        Transverse Lines
        
        aka Beau's Lines
        
        describe?
        
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        Clubbed Nails
        
        can be hereditary
        
        which is NBD
        
        Could indicate?
        
        Chronic Lung, liver, or heart Dz.
        
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        Adult male with
        
        Began as a small tender plaque on R lower extremity yesterday
        
        today edematous, painful, erythematous
        
        irregular borders, not well delineated
        
        Additionally complains of chills and feels febrile
        
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        Toddler with sudden onset of
        
        fever, chills
        
        bright red, tender, firm, shiny plaques on cheek
        
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        submandibular adenopathy
        
        Hx of recent strep throat infection
        
        Child with
        
        Perioral honey colored crusts
        
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        25 y.o. Male with
        
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