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UNIT 3: Sensation and Perception - Coggle Diagram
UNIT 3: Sensation and Perception
sensation
sensation
the physical process during which our sensory organs respond to external stimuli is called sensation.
transduction
transformation of one form of energy (physical or chemical) into another (neural impulses).
vision
physical properties of light
amplitude
wavelength
timbre
main structure of eyes
cornea
pupil
iris
lens
retina
accommodation
parts of the retina
photoreceptors
rods
dim illumination & dark adaptation
cones
colour vision & light adaptation
fovea
blind spot
theories of colour vision
Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory
afterimage
colour-blindness
feature detectors
parallel processing
opponent-process theory
audition
physical properties of sound
pitch
loudness
timbre
main structure of the ear
external ear
middle ear
inner ear
theories of pitch perception
place theory
frequency theory
volley principle
hearing loss
conduction deafness
nerve deafness
taste
gustation
sweet
sour
salty
bitter
(umami)
smell
olfaction
olfactory bulb
pain
gate-control theory
endorphins
body position senses
vestibular sense
how one’s body is oriented in the world with respect to gravity.
kinesthetic sense
bodily position and movement of the body parts relative to each other.
susceptibility
people's sensitivity to stimuli
sensory threshold
absolute threshold
subliminal stimuli
stimuli below our absolute threshold.
definition
the minimal amount of stimulus we can detect 50% of the time.
signal detection theory (SDT)
involves the measurement of the difference between two distinct patterns.
false positive
false negative
difference threshold
definition
the minimum required difference between two stimuli for a person to notice change 50% of the time
Weber's law
size of a difference threshold is proportional to the intensity of the standard stimulus.
adaptation & habituation
sensory adaptation
decreasing responsiveness to stimuli due to constant stimulation.
sensory habituation
the process by which the brain filters out irrelevant or unimportant stimuli
processing methods
top-down processing
bottom-up processing
principles of perceptual organisation
proximity
similarity
continuity
closure
depth perception
monocular depth
interposition
relative size
texture gradient
height in plane
light and shadow
linear perspective
binocular depth
retinal disparity
convergence
visual cliff
perceptual constancies
size and shape constancy
brightness constancy
influences of perception
illusory correlation
extrasensory perception
visual illusions
selective attention
perceptual sets
inattentional blindness