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Militancy and Government reaction - Coggle Diagram
Militancy and Government reaction
The UDF
In 1983 575 organisations founded the UDF to coordinate opposition against Botha's reforms
It's wider goal was a government under the Freedom Charter, it's main bodies were non-violent and often christian
Support was around 2 million, supported by COSATU, who organised strikes and demonstrations
Rent arrears totalled half a billion rand, and protests began springing up at funerals
Activities continued despite arrests as there was no central organisation
Continuing Violence
1984 demonstrations against rent increases killed 175, suspected collaborators were lynched and neccklaced
The Zulu group Inkhata emerged as a "national liberation group" but was responsible for black on black violence
Powerful Zulu chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi gained popularity as a supporter of capitalism and Bantustans / a federal state system
in 1986 as many as 500 black africans were shot dead
Government Violence
A "third force" was operated by members of government security forces, which undertook covert operations to undermine negotiations, however many disagreed on the level of government involvement
The SADF gave support to vigilante groups responsible for 90% of deaths and often framed the ANC
Internal Security Act (1982) - allowed investigating and banning without reason
Inquest Act (1982) - outlawed reportage of deaths in police custody
principal military policy was to destroy ANC bases both domestically and in Angola
Military Excursions
Attempts to support UNITA against the MPLA failed and a truce had to be negotiated
The Nkomati Accords (1984) forced Mozambique to close ANC bases, making guerilla warfare harder and giving the SA military a respite