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Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND ARCHITECTURE - Coggle…
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND ARCHITECTURE
Basic Concept and Definition
System Integration
Allows heterogenous information systems to communicate or integrate and share data seamlessly.
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)
Aims to achieve interoperability between multiple systems within an enterprise infrastructure.
Silos
Functional Silos
: Teams operate separately by function without cross collaboration.
Horizontal Silos:
Classification into departments manage specific tasks to breaking complex task
Vertical Silos:
Divided roles in hierarchical layers from strategy planning to management control and operations control.
Information Systems in Organizations
Critical component for organizational success.
Support primary and secondary activities in the value chain.
Evolve to meet changing information needs.
Provide high level of computer automation to support business functions like.
Accounting
Finance
Marketing
Customer Service
Human Resource Management
Operations
Manufacturing
Support decision making at strategic, middle, and operational levels.
Supporting vertical silos of organization
Methods on System Integration
Star Integration (Spaghetti Integration)
Each system is interconnected with all other subsystems.
Resembles a star from the perspective of each subsystem, but looks like spaghetti in the overall system diagram.
Horizontal Integration
Uses a separate subsystem as a common interface layer, often called an Enterprise Service Bus (ESB).
Each subsystem communicates through this layer, reducing connections.
Allows subsystem changes without altering other interfaces.
Vertical Integration
Creates functional entities or silos.
Integrates subsystems based on functionality.
Common Data Format
Integration method to avoid data format conversions between applications.
Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) systems use an application-independent data format.
System Architecture Model
Definition
Conceptual model defining structure, behavior, and various views of a system.
Architecture description: Formal representation facilitating reasoning about system structures and behaviors.
Components
Comprise system components and subsystems working together to implement the overall system.
Architecture Description Languages (ADLs)
Formal languages aimed at describing system architecture.
Purpose
Facilitates understanding and communication about system design and implementation.
System Integration Life Cycle
1.Systems Planning
Develops a long-range plan for integrated, automated systems within the organization.
Project Initiation
Establishes the foundation for the project.
Aligns the project with the long-range systems plan.
Identifies key personnel, funding, and commitment.
Architecture Definition
Refines the high-level conceptual solution into an optimum solution.
Considers environment, requirements, and financial resources.
Facilities Engineering
Creates the physical environment including data centers and hardware installation.
Documents for future reference and expansion needs.
Development
Constructs and tests all system components.
Testing involves developers and users.
Completes user aids.
Analysis
Specifies the proposed solution in detail.
Refines requirements from the architecture phase.
Design
Specifies how the system will accomplish tasks outlined in the analysis phase.
Implementation
Makes the new system operational, installs application software, prepares and trains users, converts data files, and establishes operational procedures
Post-Implementation Support
Maintains and enhances the system to meet ongoing user needs.