The United Nations (UN)
INTRODUCTION
UN CAME INTO EXISTENCE ON OCTOBER 24 1945
THERE WERE 51 ORIGINAL MEMBER STATES
TODAY THERE ARE 193 MEMBER STATES
THE 4 MAIN PURPOSES ARE TO MAINTAIN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY, DEVELOP FRIENDLY RELATIONS AMONG NATIONS, ACHIEVE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN SOLVING INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS, AND BE A CENTER FOR HARMONIZING THE ACTIONS OF NATIONS IN ATTAINING COMMON GOALS
THE MAIN ACTIVITIES OF THE UN=PROMOTING RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS, PROTECTING THE ENVIROMENT, REDUCING POVERTY, COMBATING DISEASES INCLUDING AIDS, EXPANDING FOOD PRODUCTION, IMPROVING TELECOMMUNICATIONS, ASSISTING REFUGEES, LEADING INTERNATIONALCAMPAIGNS AGAINST DRUG TRAFFICKING AND TERRORISM
THE MILLENIUM DECLARATION WAS ADOPTED BY THE MEMBERS OF THE UN IN SEPTEMBER 2000. IT SET MEASURABLE GOALS IN SEVEN KEY AREAS=PEACE, SECURITY AND DISARMAMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY ERADICATION, PROTECTING OUR COMMON ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY AND GOOD GOVERNANCE, PROTECTING THE VULNERABLE, MEETING THE SPECIAL NEEDS OF AFRICA AND STRENGTHENING THE UN
HOW THE UN WORKS
THE MAIN ORGANS
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL(ECOSOC)=PROMOTES INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT, UN HEADQUARTERS NY
TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL=OVERSEES THE ADMINISTRATION OF TRUST TERRITORIES AND IS CURENTLY INACTIVE, UN HEADQUARTERS NY
SECURITY COUNCIL= RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY, AUTHORITY TO IMPOSE SANCTIONS AND AUTHORIZE THE USE OF FORCE, BASED UN HEADQUARTERS NY
SECRETARIAT= CARRIES OUT THE DAY-TO-DAY WORK OF THE UN, INCLUDING IMPLEMENTING POLICIES AND PROGRAMS, UN HEADQUARTERS NY
GENERAL ASSEMBLY=SERVES AS FORUM FOR MEMBER STATES TO DISCUSS AND COORDINATE ON INTERNATIONAL ISSUES. IT IS BASED AT UN HEADQUARTES IN NY
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE(ICJ)=IT SETTLES LEGAL DISPUTES BETWEEN STATES AND GIVES ADVISORY OPINIONS ON LEGAL QUESTIONS, THE HAGUE IN THE NETHERLANDS
SOME SPECIALIZED AGENCIES
SOME UN PROGRAMMES AND FUNDS
THE UN SYSTEM OR UN FAMILY REFERS TO BROADER NETWORK OF ORGANIZATIONS AFFILIATED WITH THE UN, INCLUDING SPECIALIZED AGENCIES, PROGRAMS AND FUNDS THAT WORK TOGETHER TO ADRESS VARIOUS GLOBAL CHALLENGES, THEY OPERATE AUTONOMOUSLY BUT COLLABORATE WITH THE UN TO ACHIEVE COMMON GOALS IN ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL, HEALTH
FAO=FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION=WORKS TO IMPROVE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, FOOD SECURITY, LIVING STANDARD IN RURAL POPULATIONS
ICAO=INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION=SETS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR AIR TRANSPORT SAFETY, SECURITY, EFFICIENCY
WHO=WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION=COORDINATES HEALTH PROGRAMS, FOCUSING ON ISSUES LIKE IMMUNIZATION, HEALTH EDUCATION, ESSENTIAL DRUG PROVISION
UNWTO=WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION=SERVES AS A GLOBAL FORUM FOR TOURISM POLICY ISSUES AND A PRACTICAL SOURCE OF TOURISM KNOW-HOW
IMO=INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION=WORKS TO IMPROVE INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING PROCEDURES, RAISE STANDARDS IN MARINE SAFETY, REDUCE MARINE POLLUTION BY SHIPS
UNHCR=UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES=ASSISTS REFUGEES AND WORKS ON SOLUTIONS TO REFUGEE PROBLEMS GLOBALLY
UNICEF=UN CHILDRENS FUNDS=WORKS TO ENSURE THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN WORLDWIDE, WORKS TO IMPROVE THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONDITION OF PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD
UNDP=UN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME= IMPROVING ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS , REDUCING POVERTY, PROTECTING PLANET
WHAT DO THE UN DO=5 AREAS OF ACTIVITY
DELIVER HUMANITARIAN AID=THE UN IN LINE WITH ITS CHARACTER, COOPERATES INTERNATIONALLY TO ADDRESS ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND HUMANITARIAN CHALLENGES,
SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE ACTION=SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, EMPHASIZING PROSPERITY, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, SOCIAL WELL-BEING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IS A KEY FOCUS
PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS=HR PROMOTION AND PROTECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL PURPOSES OF THE UN, THE UN SAFEGUARDS HR TROUGH LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND ON THE GROUND ACTIVITES TO ENSURE DIGNITY AND WELL-BEING OF INDIVIDUALS WORLDWIDE
UPHOLD INTERNATIONAL LAW=THE UN WORKS TO DEVELOP AND UPHOLD INTERNATIONAL LAW TROUGH COURTS,TRIBUNALS AND MULTILATERAL TREATIES.
MAINTAIN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY=THE UN ENGAGES IN PEACEMAKING, PEACEKEEPING AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO DEFUSE INTERNATIONAL CRISIS, RESOLVE CONFLICTS, AND ADDRESS THE ROOT CAUSE OF WAR