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Justification of disposing deer carcasses, Case Study of Trophic Levels -…
Justification of disposing deer carcasses
Human health
Dead animal carcasses may cause infection to human beings by infection with contagious diseases.
These carcasses can infect underground waste waters with toxic waste waters through fecal matter released from dead bodies.
Animals that died due to diseases will have a higher chance to retain their diseases in their carcasses such that the pathogens can spread through air (Abdul Lateef, 2017).
Organisms other than humans
Against, as these deer carcasses provided nutrients for the other organisms in the ecosystem.
Carrion flies are one of the first organisms that benefit from animal or deer carcasses by colonising and decomposing the carcasses.
Other than that, they also use animal carcasses for laying their eggs to provide nutrients to their offspring (Mondor et. al., 2012)
Rewilding
Just another word for restoration and conservation of wildlife
Reintroducing species to the wildlife
Letting nature take care of itself
Can potentially create more diverse wildlife
Real world example
Deer hunting in Scotland is used to control deer population, with most carcasses will be processed for human consumption.
There are instances of pathogenic bacteria colonising the intestinal tract of the animal or on the hide/skin (C. Soare, 2022).
Case Study of Trophic Levels
Trophic level : hierarchical level in ecosystem sharing one same primary source
Real World Example
Hunting of sea otters by fur traders in the late 19th century
consequent overgrazing of kelp forests
a population explosion of their sea urchin prey
Loss of kelp
extirpation of numerous other species that depend on kelp for habitat
increased coastal erosion
storm damage since kelp was a primary buffer from wave action
Food Chain
kelp → sea urchin → sea otter
ethical consequences
fur traders action could disrupt the whole food chain (a variety of human impacts cause preferential extinction of top predators and that top-down control extends farther, on average, through food webs than do bottom-up effects of resource supply)
What is fertilizer?
Natural/artificial substance containing chemical elements
Enhance natural fertility of soil
Replace chemical elements taken from soil by previous crops
C, H, O, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, I, Co, Si, Al
Effects of fertilizer on trophic levels
N & P (main components of fertilizer) runs off from farms into streams, lakes & rivers
Algal blooms
Algae increases
Insects that eat algae increases
Fish that eats insects increases
Kill fishes
Speed decomposition of leaves
Boost growth of organisms that eat decomposed leaves
Increase plant biomass
What is pesticides
difference of diversity in insect
arable crops
how there is difference ?
anthropogenic impacts such as pest control and fertilizer
use cultivated land
no grazing
why there is difference ?
conventional agricultural intensification
management practice such as tillage system
field of pasture
why there is difference ?
agroforests to enhance the biodiversity and the provision of ecosystems
how there is difference ?
less anthropogenic impact because they focus more on animal
use natural grassland
grazing usually resulted in highest species diversity
