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ac 1.2 = describe the organisation of the criminal justice system in…
ac 1.2 = describe the organisation of the criminal justice system in england and wales
organisation of criminal justice system
uk government
home office
police
ministry of justice
national probation service
HM courts and tribunals
HM prison service
attorney's general office
CPS
summary of criminal justice system
law creation = criminal law is made in parliament
police enforce the law that is made by investigation breaches of the criminal law - arrest suspect and use their power of detention and interview
CPS advise the police on the appropriate charge
suspect brought to court = all start at magistrates, 5% go to crown
defendant eleased on bail or remanded in custody
A guilty plea leads to sentencing, while a not guilty plea results in a trial, where witnesses testify, and a magistrates or jury determine the verdict.
If convicted, a magistrate or judge delivers formal punishment, with guidelines provided by the sentencing council. If a custodial sentence is given, the defendant is sent to prison.
The HM prison sentence oversees the welfare of prisoners, while the HM Inspectorate of Prisons reports on the conditions and treatment of those in prisons.
After release, a prisoner is typically on probation and monitored by the service, and any violation could lead to their return to prison.
types of bills
public bill = This is a common bill pertaining to general public laws, typically proposed by government ministers on behalf of their party.
private member's bill = These public bills, introduced by MPs and Lords, aim to alter the law for the general population, similar to other public bills.
private bill = these are normally put forward by an organisation or a private company. this type of bill will only affect certain groups of people instead of the general public
hybrid bill = these are a combination of a private and a public bill by proposing something that affects the public, but will also have a significant impact for specific individuals or groups
ministry of justice
sets out and carries out government policy for the criminal, civil and family justice systems in England and Wales.funded by taxes. purpose is to deliver a world class justice system that works for everyone in society.
roles
role of the police = investigate crimes and offences. interview suspects and make arrests. give evidence in court. control traffic and crowds at large public events and gatherings.
role of the CPS = prosecutes criminal cases that have been investigated by the police and other investigative organisations in England and Wales. The CPS is independent, and we make our decisions independently of the police and government.
role of HM prison service = keep those sentenced to prison in custody, helping them lead law-abiding and useful lives, both while they are in prison and after they are released.
role of NPS = To assess and manage the risk (including risk management plans and escalation) posed by offenders to protect victims of crime and the general public by: Liaising, providing information and advice to criminal courts, criminal justice agencies and other partner agencies.
role of judge = hear evidence in criminal and civil courts, make rulings and pass sentences based on the information presented during cases.