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12.2 Aerobic respiration - Coggle Diagram
12.2 Aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
Takes place in cell cytoplasm
2 net ATP produced per glucose
Glucose (6C) to fructose phosphate (6C)
Fructose phosphate (6C) to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (6C)
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (6C) to 2x triose phosphate (TP) (3C)
2x triose phosphate (TP) (3C) to intermediates
Intermediates to 2x pyruvate (3C)
2 ATP produced
2 ATP produced
2 NADH produced
1 ATP used
1 ATP used
Glucose --> pyruvate
Link reaction
Pyruvate moved to mitochondrial matrix via active transport
Pyruvate is decarboxylated and dehydrogenated
Product reacts with CoA to form acetyl CoA (2C)
Hydrogen removed from pyruvate is used to make 1 NADH
Carbon dioxide produced
Converts products from glycolysis to reactants for Krebs cycle
Pyruvate + CoA + NAD --> acetyl CoA + carbon dioxide + NADH
Takes place in mitochondrial matrix
Krebs cycle
Takes place in mitochondrial matrix
Circular pathway
Acetyl CoA (2C) + oxaloacetate (4C) --> citrate (6C) + CoA
Citrate (6C) to 5C molecule
Carbon dioxide produced
NADH produced
5C molecule to first 4C molecule
Carbon dioxide produced
NADH produced
First 4C molecule to second 4C molecule
Second 4C molecule to third 4C molecule
Third 4C molecule to oxaloacetate
NADH produced
FADH2 produced
ATP produced
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Happens twice for every glucose molecule
Oxidative phosphorylation
Takes place in inner mitochondrial membrane
NADH and FADH2 move to inner mitochondrial membrane
NADH and FADH2 to NAD and FAD + protons and electrons
Electron from NADH goes to Complex I, electron from FADH2 goes to Complex II
Electrons move through complexes I, II, III, and IV, releasing energy by going from higher energy levels to lower energy levels, via redox reactions
Energy is used to power proton pumps and move protons from matrix to intermembrane space via active transport, creating a concentration gradient
Protons pass back into mitochondrial matrix via facilitated diffusion through ATP synthase, powering it and making ATP from ADP + P
Electrons are accepted by oxygen, the final electron acceptor:
O2 + 4H+ + 4e- --> 2H2O
Uses carrier proteins for electron transport chain