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1.2 HEADACHE SYNDROME: TENSION - Coggle Diagram
1.2 HEADACHE SYNDROME: TENSION
A) DEFINITION
Acute cond due continuous pressure, tension of muscle and pain that both sides of head
ETIOLOGY
Temporomandibular jaw disorder
Dehydration
Tension muscle of neck, jaw and face
Stress
Lack of sleep
C) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Etiology cause muscle at neck, head and shoulder become tight, stiff and tender
Stimulate blood vessel at muscle of neck, head and shoulder
Trigeminal nerves sense the stimulation of blood vessels and send nerve impulse to brain
Brain will interpret the message send by trigeminal nerves as pain perception
D) CM
Band like tight sensation
Duration : 4-6 hours
Bilateral
No
Phobia - photo and phono
Nausea and vomit
:arrow_up: sensitivity to light & sound
BUT
no aura
E) IX
Lab test
BUSE - View level of Potassium, Sodium and Calcium
FBC - No of wc :arrow_up: if meningitis and encephalitis present
Radiology
Cerebral CT scan - any abnormal func & struc
Cerebral MRI
Cerebral PET Scan - Detect any blockage in blood vessels in brain
Invasive procedure
Lumbar puncture
Cerebrospinal culture
F) Mx
Medical
Hx taking: Lifestyle
Neuro examination - cranial nerves
Physical examination (Inspection) - expression, any scars on head, neck and shoulder
Survey vital sign every 4 hours: BP, BT, HR, RR, SpO2 and Pain score
RIB: Pt in comfortable position
Refer physiotheraphy - To relax muscle of head, shoulder and neck
Surgery
Pharmacology
Episodic theraphy
NSAIDS
Tab Po Diclofenac 150 mg od
Ibuprofen 400 mg od
Analgelsic and NSAID
Tab PCM 500 mg tds
Chronic theraphy
Nc
Balanced diet
Rest in bed - pt in comfortable position
Ensure pt drink water > 8 glass per day
Documentation pt
Survey & documentation I O chart - ensure balance of electrolyte
Administer medication provided by doc
G) HE
Home
Follow up for futher assestment & treatment
Avoid etiology
Exercise daily
Drink water at least 8 glass
Sleep at least 6 hours
Sleep in quiet and dark room
Hosp
Sleep at least 6 hour
Sleep in quiet and dark room
H) Complication
Depression