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Strict Liability - Coggle Diagram
Strict Liability
Key cases
Winzar (1983)
Larsonneur (1933)
R v Prince (1875)
Cundy v LeCocq (1884)
R v Hibbert (1869)
Proposal for reform
Criminal Liability (Mental Element) Bill (1977)
Parliament must make clear where strict liability is to be used
Less power to judges
Injustice would be tackled through clarification
Disadvantages
ECHR
Right to a fair trial
Article 6(2)
Injustice
Larsonneur (1933)
Greater role of judges
Parliamentary sovereignty
Can cause inconsistencies in the implementation of the law
Advantages
Deterrent
Time & cost of proving mens rea
Higher standard of care
Analysis & Evaluation!
Advantages
Disadvantages
Propose reform
Gammon (1984)
Gammon Factors
Wording of Statutes
Alphacell v Woodward (1972)
True/ regulatory crime
Sweet v Parsley (1970)
Social/ public interest
Harrow LBC v Shah &Shah (1999)
Greater vigilance
Callow v Tillstone (1900)