Codifying and Implementing Apartheid
Increasing Afrikaner influence
As English civil servants retired, Afrikaners were appointed by patronage, however their main ambition in early years was to stay in power
The Broederbond grew in influence, every senior NP politician was expected to maintain close ties
Wary of it's narrow majority in Parliament six more seats were created in Namibia, with half the usual number of constituents
Grand Legislation
Separate Representation of Voters Act (1951) - abolished the right of coloured people to vote in the 1910 constitution, contested successfully by the UP till 1956
By 1958 / 61 elections they had a majority of over 50 seats, as bureaucracy and DNA both grew
Population Registration Act (1950) - cornerstone of racial division, created 3 ethnic groups (Indian added later) and registered everyone with identity card's with later amendments in 1964 based on genealogy
Group Areas Act (1950) - authorised government designation of areas for specific ethnic / tribal groups such as Bantustans, 3.5 million moved between 1951-86
Petty Legislation
Prohibition of Mixed Marriages & Immorality Act (1949) - marriages and sexual relations between ethnic groups was made illegal, with lesser punishment for white people
Bantu Authorities Act (1951) - reiterated that home areas for african people were Bantustans, abolished their only political representation through the NRC and appointed tribal reserves
Pass Laws / Native Amendment Act (1952) - abolished previous identity cards and replaced them with reference books that had to be carried at all times, stopped african people from remaining in urban areas for more than 70 hours
Bantu Education Act (1953) - changed control of african education from Ministry of Education to the DNA, ended subsidies for mission schools and set a limited pastoral curriculum
Extension of Universities Act (1959) - Fort Hare and 3 English universities were banned from accepting african students, 3 colleges opened as recompense
Bantu Self Government Act (1959) - made 8 self governing homelands "independent" and removed them from SA statistics.
Suppression of Communism Act (1950) - government genuinely believed communist agitators were behind protests, making it a euphemism for any form of unrest. It could imprison anyone for anything deemed subversive and issue 5 year banning orders
Further Repression
Public Safety Act (1953) - allowed the government to call a 12 month state of emergency, used 8 days after Sharpeville with powers to repeat it indefinitely
Censorship Acts (1955-56) - censored any criticism in reports and literature imported into South Africa
Riotous Assemblies Act (1956) - outlawed any meetings that may create hostility between races, or allow any outlawed persons to be present, following the Freedom Charter