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CHAPTER 10 : DESIGNING ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 10 : DESIGNING ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
ORGANIZING : to deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals
STRATEGY : what to do ORGANIZING : how to do
DIVISION OF LABOR : degree macam mana tasks that are subdivided into separate jobs
CHAIN OF COMMAND : shows who reports to whom
AUTHORITY : manager buat decisions, issu orders and allocate resources
RESPONSIBILITY : duty utk buat task yang telah diassigned
ACCOUNTABILITY : mekanisme pelarasan antara authority dan responsibility
DELEGATION : process manager pakai utk transfer authority and responsibility down the hierarchy
LINE AUTHORITY : manager ada formal authority utk direct and control subordinates
STAFF AUTHORITY : narrow authority termasuk right to advise , recommend , counsel dalam staff's specialist area of expertise
PERBEZAAN
LINE AUTHORITY
reflects superior - subordinates relationships by the power of decision
responsible utk directing, motivating and supervising employees
their level is low in line authority
mostly suitable for small and medium scale
STAFF AUTHORITY
refers to the right advice on improving the effectiveness for line employees in performing their duties
to provide expert advice and support to line staff utk allow amooth flow of operations
high specialization is seen in staff authority
wider benefits for large-scale
SPAN OF MANAGEMENT
TALL STRUCTURE : narrow and banyak hierarchical levels
FLAT STRUCTURE : wide and few hierarchical levels
CENTRALIZATION : located near the top of the organizations
FACTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI CENTRALIZATION
rapidly change adn uncertainty yang associated dengan decentralization
fits dengan strategi syarikat
krisis yang memerlukan centralization
DECENTRALIZATION : pushed downward to lower organization levels
DEPARTMENTALIZATION : basis utk grouping position into department and into total organization
APPROACHES
FUNCTIONAL : grouping by common function from bottom to the top of the organization
DIVISIONAL : grouped together based on similar output
MATRIX : combines functional and divisional in the same part
TWO-BOSS EMPLOYEES : emplyees yang report to 2 supervisors and kena resolve conflict dari matrix boss
MATRIX BOSS : who is responsible utk one-side of the matrix
TOP LEADER : person yang oversees both product and functional and responsible for the entire matrix
TEAM : made up of horizontal teams yang coordinates their work and work directly to customers
CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TEAMS : consist of employees dari various functional departments yang responsible utk bentuk team and resolve mutual problems
PERMANENT : group of employess yang organized sama dengan formal department
VIRTUAL NETWORK : major functions utk separate companies and coordinates their activities from a small organization at headquarters
COORDINATION : managerial task collaborating across departments
COLLABORATION : joint effort between two or more departments utk produces outcome yang meet a common goal or shared purpose
REENGINEERING : radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic
TASK FORCE : team sementara dan dibuat utk solve problems yang melibatkan beberapa departments
PORJECT MANAGER : org yang responsible utk coordinating the activities utk completekan specific project
RELATION COORDINATION : horizontal coordination and communication carried out through ongoing relationships of shared goals and , shared knowledge and mutual respect