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Atomic structure, Structure of an Atom, Periodic table, Metals and non…
Atomic structure
The Atom: An atom is the smallest part of an element which still keeps the properties of that element
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Compounds:
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All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds.
Hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2) are not compounds because each is composed of one element. Water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are compounds because each is made up of more than one type of element.
All compounds are non – elements,
Making Models
You can use models to show how atoms bond (join) to each other. Model kits have different coloured balls for each element and sticks to join one ball to another
Structure of an Atom
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Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
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Electrons are found spinning around the nucleus.They move around the nucleus in paths called orbits or shells. They have a negative (-) charge.
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Atomic number: The number of protons in an atom of that element. The atomic number is on the top right of the element shown.
Atomic mass: the total number of protons and neutrons in an Atom of that element. The atomic mass is shown on the bottom of the element shown.
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First shell has a max of 2 electrons. The second shell has a max of 8 electrons. The third shell also has a max of 8 electrons.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Periodic table
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Grouping
Elements
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Most of the elements are metals, the rest are
non-metals.
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Metals and non-metals
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Uses of metals:
- Metals are used in industry
- Metals are used to make jewlery
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Corrosion occurs when a metal changes to its oxide or some other compound by combining with oxygen and water from air.
Rusting: Rusting is the corrosion of iron.
Rusting occurs when iron is exposed to air and water.Iron turns into hydrated Iron Oxide, a brown flaky substance.
Preventing rust you can paint, grease/oil, galvanising(Coating with zinc.)
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