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AEROBIC FITNESS - Coggle Diagram
AEROBIC FITNESS
PARAMETERS OF AEROBIC FITNESS
maximal oxygen uptake
(maximal rate the body can consume oxygen)
Even when work rate increases oxygen uptake (VO2)
does not increase
ASESSING VO2 MAX
RAMP, CONTINUAL AND GRADED
Hugely influenced by motivation
plateau in V02 despite increase in intensity
RPE greater than 18
HR within 10 bpm of hr max
Post exercise blood lactate >8 mmol/l
after PPT stops at perceived max intensity, redo test at that intensity, and then increase to see if v02 max increases.
Can be used as
disease prognosis
: babies with lower oxygen capacity have lower chance of survival
Exercise
economy
(how much oxygen it costs to exercise at a given intensity)
oxygen cost for a given speed or intensity
Gas exchange threshold:
linked to the lactate accumulation in muscles and blood
LACTATE THRESHOLD
The point at which blood lactate concentrations first begins to increase systematically and consistently
2mmol-l
trained athletes lactate threshold occurs at higher work rates and accumulation of lactate is slower
Lactate is an important energy source and signalling molecule
occurs at 50/60% VO2 max in healthy untrained people
occurs 80/90% of VO2 max in trained athlete
being above lactate threshold causes
muscle fatigue and discomfort
acidosis (increased acidity in the muscle causing burning sensation)
increased respiratory rate to expel Co2
increased HR to deliver nutrients to muscles
increased glycolysis and carbohydrate utilisation
anaerobic metabolism relies on glycogen breakdown
ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD
the point of which the body transitions from predominantly aerobic to increasingly anaerobic energy production
little evidnece that oxygen is limiting the exrcise intensity associated with the lactacte threshold
oxygen uptake kinetics:
the rate at which oxygen uptake rises when we start exercising
effect of training on v02 kinetics
highly sensitive to endurance and HIIT training
speeds the phase II time constant (quicker VO2 response)
decreases the slow component amplitutude
speeded phase II constant
central: cardiovascular
enhanced O2 delivery
faster CNS response to altered state- quicker sympathetic nerve system stimulation
Peripheral: Muscular
more rapid increase in O2 extraction
greater recruitment of type 1 muscle fibres
Increases with fitness level
PRIMING
Prior heavy or severe exercise, speeds up VO2 kinetics