Focus on bacterium
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
primary pathogen
sexual transmission - primary route of infection
Gram-negative diplococcus
intracellular replication
local and systemic infection
gonorrhoea
Streptococcus pyogenes
non-motile Gram-positive cocci
spectrum of diseases
virulence factors
fastidious facultative anaerobe
superantigens
c5a peptidase
pili
proteases
classic infection
toxin-related
immune mediated
tonsilitis
pneumonia
impetigo
scarlett fever
rheumatic fever
Staphylococcus aureus
degradative enzymes
exotoxins
Gram-positive cocci
type I - TSST (toxic shock syndrome toxin)
type II - cytolytic toxins
DNases
proteases
Collagenase
infection
septicaemia
endocarditis
eye infections
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
slightly curved bacilli
factors affecting respiratory infections
air-conditioning
lack of ventilation
overcrowding
seasons of the year
aerobic
non-sporing
acid fast waxy envelope
hard to stain
aids survival
rough, tough and buff colonies
virulence factors
sulfolipids
no typical toxins
thick cell wall
A superantigen is an extracellular toxin secreted by certain microbes. It binds to a MHC II molecule and the T-cell receptors causing an non-specific T-cell activation resulting in a massive inflammatory response.
Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins (SpeA) on streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcal enterotoxins
Streptococcal scarlet fever toxin