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Transportation in plants and animals - Coggle Diagram
Transportation in plants and animals
Blood : It is fluid which flows in blood vessels. It transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to other parst of the body. It carries oxygen from the lings to the cells of the body.
Blood is composed of a fluid called [plasma]
The clot formed when we hurt because of the presence of another type of cells in the blood called platelets .
Red blood cells contain a red pigment called haemoglobin. It helps in transporting oxygen to different parts of the body and to every cell. The presence of haemoglobin makes blood look red.
The blood also has white blood cells which fight aganist grems that may enter our body
There are three different types of blood cells :
Blood vessels : Blood vessels are the network of tubes through which blood is pumped around the body. There are two types of blood vessels in our body :
Arteries : Arteries, a critical part of your cardiovascular system, are blood vessels that distribute oxygen-rich blood to your entire body.
Veins : Veins are blood vessels located throughout your body that collect oxygen-poor blood and return it to your heart.
Capillaries :Capillaries are delicate blood vessels that exist throughout your body.
Your heart is slightly on the left side of your body. It is located in the chest area between your right and left lungs.
The heart has four chambers so that the oxygened blood and deoxyened blood don't mix togather .
The two upper chambers are called atrium and th lower chambers are ventricles
The heart normally beats about 60 to 80 times a minute when you are at rest. We can measure heartbeat by stethoscope.
(When our cells perform their functions, certain waste products are released. These are toxic and hence need to be removed from the body. The process of removal of wastes produced in the cells of the living organisms is called excretion.The parts involved in excretion form the excretory system
Kidney : A mechanism to filter the blood is required. This is done by the blood capillaries in the kidneys. When the blood reaches the two kidneys, it contains both useful and harmful substances. The useful substances are absorbed back into the blood. The wastes dissolved in water are removed as urine.
An adult human being normally passes about 1-1.8 L of urine in 24 hours. The urine consists of 95% water, 2.5% urea and 2.5% other waste products.
The sweat contains water and salts. Boojho has seen that sometimes in summer, white patches are formed on our clothes. especially in areas like underarms. These marks are left by salts present in the sweat.
From the kidneys, the urine goes into the urinary bladder throughtube-like ureters. It is stored in the bladder and is passed out through the urinary opening at the end of a muscular tube called urethra.
Plants absorb water and minerals by the roots. The roots have root hair.The root hair increase the surface area of the root for the absorption of water and mineral nutrients dissolved in water. The root hair is in contact with the water present between the soil particles
Plants have pipe-like vessels to transport water and nutrients from the soil. The vessels are made of special cells, forming the vascular tissue. A tissue is a group of cells that perform specialised function in an organism. The vascular tissue for the transport of water and nutrients in the plant is called the xylem [Fig. 11.7 (a)].
The xylem forms a continuous network of channels that connects roots to the leaves through the stem and branches and thus transports water to the entire plant
You know that leaves synthesise food. The food has to be transported to all parts of the plant. This is done by the vascular tissue called the phloem.
Plants absorb mineral nutrients and water from the soil. Not all the water absorbed is utilised by the plant. The water evaporates through the stomata present
on the surface of the leaves by the process of transpiration. The evaporation of water from leaves generates a suction pull (the same that you produce when you suck water through a straw) which can pull water to great heights in the tall trees. Transpiration also cools the plant.