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Types of Learning Disabilities - Coggle Diagram
Types of Learning Disabilities
Dyslexia
Learning letters and their corresponding sounds
Organising spoken and written language.
Reading quickly enough to comprehend.
Spelling
Keeping up with, and following longer assignments.
Dyscalculia
Difficulties organising objects and sets of items logically.
Difficulties recognising printed numbers.
Poor counting skills
Difficulties remembering maths facts.
Good counting but poor calculation skills.
Difficulties with measurement
Difficulties remembering common maths facts.
Anxiety and a negative attitude towards maths.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)
Difficulties focusing on or getting started on individual tasks.
Being easily distracted.
Losing or misplacing things.
Acting without thinking things through.
Difficulties planning and organising
Difficulties managing emotions such as frustration and boredom.
Developmental coordination disorder
(DCD)
A motor skill disorder that affects as many as one children in 20.
Children with DCD perform motor skills well below what is expected for a child of the same age.
This significantly interferes with their academic achievement or activities of daily living and cannot be explained by intellectual delay, visual impairment, or other neurological conditions that affect movement.
Another term often used for DCD is dyspraxia. In Australia, DCD is preferred.
Developmental language disorder
(DLD)
Issues with
Spoken language
Written language
Signed language
Difficulties with the comprehension and use of words and sentences to convey information and ideas are common for these students.
Language difficulties can go undetected and may not be evident unless the student’s receptive (understanding of) and expressive (use of) language is assessed formally.
These students typically require additional help beyond targeted classroom support and should be referred to a speech pathologist for more detailed evaluation and intervention tailored to their specific needs.
It is recognised that DLD emerges in early childhood, rather than being acquired or associated with a known biomedical cause.
Auditory Processing Disorder
Some parents may advise that their child has a diagnosis of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD).
APD, also known as Central Auditory Processing Disorder, refers to a condition that impacts the brain’s ability to filter and interpret sounds.
People with APD have normal hearing abilities, but their brains have a hard time receiving, organising and making sense of sound.
APD is typically diagnosed in school-aged children.