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Important resources of a computer system that needs to be managed,…
Important resources of a computer system that needs to be managed
Primary memory (RAM) Purpose: Used to store information/data/programs that needs to be accessed quickly currently being in use.
1.If too little is available then secondary storage will have to be used which is much slower than the primary storage.
2.If not enough virtual memory can be created the process will not proceed or load.
It influence how many processes can be done at one.
Secondary memory (HDD/SSD/Optical) Purpose: Place where data can be stored if power is lost non Volatile
If too limited there won't be any place to store data so it might be lost.
Limits how much data can be kept and can prevent the OS from using storage as virtual memory if RAM is filled up.
Sound Processor
-Separate from the CPU.
-Made specifically for sound reproduction.
-Can contain sample sound bank to produce better quality audio
Seen in:
-Home theatre systems
-Cinemas
if too LIMITED:
-CPU will have to produce sound-->slows down the system
-Overall quality will not be as good as dedicated sound processor
Graphics Processor
-Does complex graphic processing (i.e: 3D rendering, Emulation)
Seen as:
-Nvidia graphics card
-ATI Radeon graphics card
if too LIMITED:
-CPU will have to take brunt of processing graphics-->graphics will be poor/limited and take more time to process
Processor (Speed/Core) Purpose: Does all calculations in the computer system. Speed is measured by how much calculations can be done per second (1Ghz = 1 billion calculations per second) Average being : 4.5 Ghz
If too limited then the processor will take longer to perform tasks. The more ALU or cores the more process can be done simultaneously and make the process faster
Cache (physical)
-Contains instruction/data the CPU will request from RAM
-speeds up processing-->CPU does not have to 'wait' for instructions to arrive from RAM
Common capacities:
1-128MB
if too LIMITED:
-CPU has to 'wait' for instructions. time consuming
-Ram-->slows down system. lagging and sluggish
Bandwidth(Network Transmission) purpose: Measure how much data can be sent at the same time in a certain time frame.
Lesser bandwidth will result in data taking longer to move between two points.
Screen Resolution : Measure of the amount of pixels in height x width of display.
If resolution is limited then the amount of pixels that can be displayed will be lesser and make the image seem blocky.
Smaller file size but poorer quality images
Network Connectivity
Network Interface Card (NIC), WNIC, Bluetooth
-each network card connects to a type of media: (cable/wireless signal)
Seen in:
-NIC= LAN/ethernet cables
-WNIC= Wi-Fi signals
-Bluetooh= Bluetooth signals
-3G radio= cellular signals
if too LIMITED:
-limits data transferred and received.
-slows down speed.
Different Types of Computer Systems
Mainframes:
Processor: Thousands of cores
Primary/Secondary memory: Vast amounts
Common use: In large companies where huge calculations must be made such as in weather or financial predictions
Cell/mobile phones
Digital device that can perform many functions of a computer. Typically pocket-sized. Can make phone calls
-Processor: single/multicore
-Primary Memory: 1-3 GB
-Secondary Memory: 16, 32, 64, 126 GB
Use:
-personal computing (most common in the world)
-accessible computing, calculating, phone-calling, storage device.
Constraint:
-Screen size and lack of physical keyboard
Server and Server Farm
Processor: Several high specs Pcs running in parallel usually those with 3 - 4 Ghz.
Primary networks: Big capacity 32GB+ per machine
Secondary network: Terabyte per machine
Purpose: Used to serve networks and as data centers for cloud storage
PCs(Desktops) / Laptops
Processor: Single processor with a single core (1-4Ghz)
Primary networks: 2-16GB
Secondary networks: 256GB to 2TB
Purpose: Used in schools, homes or for personal use in general
Laptops are more portable but PCs are more customisable
Tablets
Digital device that can function as portable computer. Has touch screen interface and large screen, not pocket-sized.
-Processor: single/multicore
-Primary memory: 1-4 GB
-Secondary memory: 32-128 GB
Use:
-Media consumption
-Portable computing
-Acts like a cell phone, but with a larger screen and capability of attaching keyboard.
Sub-Laptops(netbooks)
Processor:: Single/multiple core (1-2GHz)
Primary Memory: 1-2GB
Secondary Memory: Normally SSD 16-128 GB
Purpose: Runs stripped down OS such as Linux and Chrome OS while being very portable and having a good battery life.
PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant)
Handheld, multi-purpose mobile device which functions as a personal information manager. Stylus-interface
-Processor: single core (<1GHz)
-Primary memory: Limited (<500MB)
-Secondary Memory Limited (<128MB)
Use:
-Now obsolete
-Used for calendars/emails
-Overtaken by smartphones in early 2000s
Wearables
Forms: Watches and glasses. Purpose: Main purpose of usage would be portability and convenience.