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Animal research - Coggle Diagram
Animal research
Ethical issues
Replacement - where possible animals should be replaced with alternatives such as simulations and only used where necessary
Reduction - number of animals used should be minimised as much as possible. Also try to use animals which are less sentient so experience less distress.
Refinement - ensure procedure ensures minimal harm and distress is caused to the animals and ensuring they are looked after properly
Disposal - animals should be looked after and ideally given to a good home once research is completed. If necessary they should be put down in a painless procedure.
Animal care - should be treated ethically throughout study - given enough food and water, enough space and companions, and comfortable housing
Practical issues
Can more easily control extraneous variables such as environmental factors are easier to control increasing validity
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A lot less complex than humans - language, emotion, nervous system etc. Means that there is a danger in generalising findings using animals to humans.
Learning
Pavlov's dogs
Bad:
- Dogs harnessed and kept in enclosed spaces
- Surgical procedure - risk of infection etc.
- Starved the dogs so they were hungry
- Could have used less sentient animals such as rats
- Used around 35 dogs - could have reduced this
Good:
- Did not have guidelines at that time
- Worth it for the benefit of the research?
- Better than using apes or monkeys
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