Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
American Education: "Big Ideas" - Coggle Diagram
American Education: "Big Ideas"
Culture Wars & Goals of Schooling
Political Goals
Teaching a common set of beliefs
Learning to Obey the law by obeying school rules
Providing an equal opportunity for all to be elected to political positions
Emphasizing voting as the key to political and social change
Learning about the workings of government
Educating patriotic citizens
Educating students to be involved in community activities
Post American Revolution, the answer proposed to national unity was an education system. President George Washingtons wanted to create a national culture by implementing attendance in all students from all areas of the United States.
Horace Mann (father of public schools) believed that students of all identities shall attend the same school. He believed it was necessary to teach the power of voting to prevent United States chaos.
Goals for schooling
Creating Patriotism
Teaching common political ideas
Government Functions
Common Schools
Free, locally funded public schools opened to all communities. Civic values were taught and expected by the educators in early American education history.
ROLE OF A TEACHER
Low status and low pay (United states ranked 22nd out of 27 countries)
Test scores determine the compensation of an educator. Based off a students outcome will determine the ability of the educator.
1830s to Civil war: Protector of mortality post war
1990s-Today: Educate workers for global economy
Educators historically were teaching students to benefit the future for American economy
Educators recognize and challenge any bias, advocate for students, follow mandated systems through state education to ensure students follow their career path properly.
Purposes of public schooling (Political, social, and economic)
Political purposes of schooling were emphasized by American political leaders.
Enlightenment influence, public schooling being more prevalent in Northern states, education for Democracy, religious instruction
Economic goals have become the primary influence on public schools. Economic growth allows for investments in school, stronger education, more material, and productivity.
EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY
Common-School Model:
-Available to students of all social classes
Post-graduation students have equal opportunity in job markets
Sorting-machine Model (Social Starting line begins)
Students are sorted between classes through standard tests scores
High-Stakes Model
Follows a systematic process in order to place students into certain career paths based on academic ability.
EDUCATION EQUALITY AND DIVERSITY
-Giving all students an equal opportunity to receive an education
-Equal treatment is the idea of education equality (14th Amendment)
No Child Left Behind
Plessy VS. Ferguson 1896 ("separate but equal")
Brown VS. Board of Education 1954 (Rejected "separate but equal)
Desegregation & Civil Rights
-Title IX of 1972 Higher Education Act
-Bilingual Education
Grove City College v. Bell
CRITICAL RACE THEORY
-How race in American history should be taught
Post-graduation, students will have an equal chance to succeed, each student will receive the same exact education despite the class, race, and etc.
Rich and poor district often have a difference in education equality. Public schools funded by the state government and local cities determine educational factors. Lower income schools receive higher drop out rates and shortages in educators due to low pay rates.
High income schools tend to give teachers higher pay and more funding from the local community, resulting in academic success.
RISK BASED OFF SOCIAL CLASS
Lower economic status
Constantly changing schools
Being in a single-parent household
Being held back
Family member in the household dropping out
High-school Drop-out Rates
Male: 6.2%
Female: 4.4%
LOCAL, STATE, NATIONAL, AND GLOBAL
State Government: Controls local public, private, charter, and home schooling.
Categorical Aid: Federal government is given the influence over state education and local schools.
U.S Department of Education (Federal Programs)
ESEA 1965
-FERPA
-IDEA
-WIOA
-Rehabilitation Act of 1973
HIGH-STAKES TESTING
-Mandated in NCLB, can have consequences of how teachers will be compensated. Takes over direct control of student learning based off what the teachers teach to prep for tests