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Henry 7 Foreign Policy - Coggle Diagram
Henry 7 Foreign Policy
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Spain
Ruled over by Ferdinand and his wife Isabella --> Spain was a powerful state in which Henry hoped to develop good relations
TREATY OF MEDINA DEL CAMPO 1489 - important as it gave him some of the international peace and security he aspired to
Positives of the treaty - The 2 monarchies offered mutual protection in the event of attack. - They agreed to not harbor rebels of pretenders - the treaty arranged a marriage alliance between Arthur (Prince of Wales) and Catherine (Princess of Aragon, the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella)
Problems - Arrangements for the royal marriage did not go ahead smoothly - Ferdinand proved reluctant to allow marriage to go ahead as long as Henry's dynastic stability remained threatened by Perkin Warbeck - the 2 monarchs argued over the size of Catherine's dowry
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Burgundy, the Netherlands and the Holy Roman Empire
The BULK of England's export went through the ports of Netherland such as Antwerp and Bruges which came under Burgundy's jurisdiction
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Margret Duchess of Burgundy --> Sister of Richard 3rd and Edward IV and was the leading upholder of the Yorkist cause
Enlisted support of her step-son in law Maximillian (Holy Roman emperor in 1493) and passed over jurisdiction of the Netherlands to her 16 year old son Phillip
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Scotland
1485 - 95 --> Anglo Scottish relations were tense - The ALUD ALLIANCE meant that England could be attacked simultaneously on 2 fronts with Scotland and France causing tension - Caused Henry to keep military bases up north such as the border garrisons with troops based out of Carlisle
1495-96 - King James IV came of age and in 1495 offered hospitality to Perkin Warbeck - he stayed for 2 years at the Scottish court and received not only a pension from the king but also an aristocratic marriage to James cousin Lady Catherine Gordon. James encouraged Warbeck to cross the border in 1496 with an army - it was small and spent little time in England due to the lack of support from the people in Northumberland and quickly retreat back over the border when word was received by English force was moving forward past Newcastle HOWEVER THIS ATTEMPT TO INVADE caused Henry to raise a larger army to launch an invasion of Scotland - HAD IMPORTNAT POLTICAL REPURCUSSIONS because it prompted the TAX REBELLIONS.
1497 the Cornish Rebellions - A large scale rebellion in Cornwall shook Henry - evident that it was in the interest of both England and Scotland to secure an immediate truce - WHICH TOOK PLACE AT AYTON a few miles north of English border
1498 -1501 - Relations significantly improved - because of this improvement James no longer had any diplomatic use for Warbeck who had become tiresome - Warbeck was executed in 1499
1501-1503
It was agreed that James should Marry Henry's daughter Margret in 1502 - Sanctioned by a formal peace treaty - The TREATY OF PERPETUAL PEACE and the marriage took place in 1503 - improvement in relations LASTEED UNTIL THE END OF HENRY'S REIGN MAKING IT EVIDENT THAT HE SENURED THE SECUIRTY OF THE DYNASTY AND MAINTAINED NATIONLA SEUCIRTY THROUGH RELATIONS WITH SCOTLAND
Ireland
Henry had power up to the 'Pale' area of land whilst the rest was ruled by the decndents of the Anglo-Norman barons
Dominant figure was the Earl of Kildare - Lord Deputy of Ireland since 1477 - He was feared by Henry due to his Yorkist sympathies
Henry's suspicion of Kildare reinforced by his support for Lambert Simnel whom he crowned king of Ireland in 1486 - He compounded his suspicion in Henry's eyes by supporting Warbeck in 1491
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