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GP (Paper 1, Paper 2) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - ideal vs reality (practical issues)
        
        Ideal
        
        Ethical
        
        Logical
        
        Moral
        
        Sensible
        
        Legal
        
        Reality
        
        difficulties
        
        challenges
        
        issues
        
        resistance
    - - all the time/extreme
    - - law
    - - Singaporeans/PR
      - Non-Singaporeans
        
        Migrant workers
        
        Foreign community
    - - in what ways
        
        why/how
    - - doubting
    - - economic
      - cultural
      - sentimental
      - practical
      - political
      - entertainment
      - aesthetic (beauty, the Arts)
    - - Yes but/provided that (challenges conditions difficulties)
  - - - way of life/practices
        
        customs
        
        traditions
        
        rituals
        
        entrenched vs evolving/adapting to modern trends
      - Responses
        
        Go along/tolerate/embrace
        
        harmony
        
        similarity with own culture
        
        appeal
        
        resist, push back, attack
        
        insensitive to/challenge values beliefs practices
        
        escalation to conflict/tension
        
        impose/dominate
        
        sense of superiority over others' culture
    - - subculture groups
        
        Kpop
        
        anime
        
        cosplay
        
        rainbow community
        
        gamers
        
        hippies
        
        Swifties
      - fads or enduring
    - - Google
    - - sense of self
      - dominant or secondary
      - ideologies, philosophy, beliefs, attitudes, values
        
        influence behaviour
        
        comes from family/education/religion/social norms
        
        shapes perception and response to the world, external events/ideas/issues/trends which disrupt the status quo
        
        globalisation
        
        Improved technology/trade/connectivity
        
        media
    - - ties with identity and practices
      - symbolic/significance/meaning
    - - iconic to country
        
        representative
        
        sushi+wasabi
        
        pizza
        
        tacos
        
        chicken rice
      - appropriation
      - food politics
        
        visibility
        
        appealing/accepted
        
        augments tourism
        
        UNESCO
      - countries should consider using culinary traditions but must recognise potential pitfalls and put in place measures to affectively raise their profile
    - - cultural/ethnic identity
      - community songs
      - national anthem/political songs
      - billion dollar industry
        
        copyright
        
        royalties
        
        publishers
        
        composers
        
        performers
        
        record companies
      - complement other forms of the arts
      - celebrate religious ceremonies/festivals
    - - status quo
      - modern trends disrupting
        
        factors
        
        firms/consumers/workplace
        
        policies
        
        migration/diversity
        
        social media
        
        forces
        
        pressures the stakeholders to act
      - sense of tradition
        
        feel/appreciate/understand its importance
        
        may have adapted
        
        form vs substance
      - institutional
        
        family
        
        marriage
        
        Pressure: alt lifestyles, low birthrates, cost of living
        
        Efforts/measures/strategies and evaluate
      - cultural
        
        customs
        
        rituals
        
        religious
        
        heritage
        
        artifacts
    - - Division vs unity
        
        Economic
        
        PMET vs blue collar gap widening
        
        migrant/foreign workers
        
        income inequality
        
        SkillsFuture/training/NTUC
        
        Social
        
        lifestyle (digital divide)
        
        tech savvy (young)
        
        laggards (elderly)
        
        support and assistance + encouragement
        
        Political
        
        views
        
        values
        
        conflict
        
        POFMA, Sedition Act
    - - Culture: way of life (broadly)
      - Cultural: racial/ethnic/religion/nationality
  - - - Nascent, currently state of the art
      - Software, AI, apps, facial recognition
      - avoid convenience, use qol/std of living
        
        can meet your wants
        
        can concretely measure through mortality/literacy/income
  - - - majority vs minority
        
        behaviour, decisions, beliefs, precepts
      - have vs have nots
      - then vs now
      - time: mostly, occasionally
      - adult/elderly vs young
      - your experience+observations
        
        compare with peers and explain choice
    - - cause and effect
  - - - Energy
        
        industries
        
        lifestyle
        
        work
      - Material things
      - Food+water
      - Raw material
    - - use technology
  - - - strike off 4, then 2, then 1v1
  - - - better or worse?
  - - - characteristics
        
        out of touch/undependable
        
        in touch/dependable
- - - - Aspects
        
        Economic
        
        Social/cultural
        
        Political
        
        Religious
        
        Environmental
        
        Media
        
        Philosophical
      - Levels
        
        National (Macro)
        
        Industry (Macro)
        
        Individuals, groups, community (Micro)
      - Perspective
        
        Firms/Employers
        
        Parents/Students
        
        Govt (MOE)
    - - Ideal v. Reality
        
        Constraints/challenges/contexts
        
        values/beliefs/attitude (Motive)
        
        decisions/behaviour/action
      - Cause-effect
      - Time
        
        Then-->now
        
        Now-->future
      - Majority v. minority
    - - Agree with author
        
        affirm, give new details/examples (like new stakeholders)
      - Partially agree
        
        acknowledge (concession)
        
        evaluate examples
        
        logic and fallacies
        
        overgeneralisation
        
        omission
        
        oversimplification
        
        fallacious arguments
        
        exaggeration
  - - - Content
      - Use of Language
      - USE OWN WORDS (as much as possible)
      - Continuous prose
      - Procedure
        
        SAF
        
        Full - Capture all necessary components
        
        Specific - match the given directions，不要离题
        
        Accurate - convey the meaning of the writer
        
        Use no. of marks and lines given as an indicator for no. of points
        
        Understand question, identify relevant content
        
        Identify paragraph/lines referenced
      - Dont say author is "trying to..." instead say "wishes/wants/justifies"
    - - Close reading
        
        Identify differences or contrasts
        
        A ..., while B ...
        
        A ..., unlike B which ...
        
        Locate evidence and paraphrase
        
        Identify similarities
        
        Just like A is ..., B is ...
        
        A and B are ...
        
        Present in pairs for full credit*
      - Beyond close reading
        
        Use of language
        
        Metaphors/simile
        
        Establish context
        
        Establish literal meaning
        
        Consider metaphorical application
        
        Use "Just as"
        
        Contradictions
        
        Irony
        
        Point out the logical/expected outcome (We expect...)
        
        Point out what occured instead (However, )
        
        Explain what makes the two situations incongruous
        
        Use words/phrases to draw attention to 2 and 3
        
        Paradox
        
        State contradiction, explain the "truth"/what is actually happening
        
        Inference
        
        Attitude
        
        Negative
        
        disapproval/dismissive/disdain (critical)
        
        Postive
        
        approval/support/encourage
        
        Predictive
        
        Persuasion tactics
        
        Inclusive pronouns (we, you, us), create immediate connection with reader and get them to agree
        
        Brackets (provide further info to supplement main idea/info not central to argument)
        
        Inverted commas, cast doubt, sceptical
        
        Rhetorical question, prompt readers to think, interesting/engaging hook to introduce ideas