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CAD/MI - Coggle Diagram
CAD/MI
CLINCAL MANIFESTATIONS
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Pain Radiating in arms, shoulders, neck, or jaw.
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DIAGNOSTICS
Electrocardiography (ECG) : Records the hearts electrical activity, which can find any abnormalities
Stress Testing : These tests assess how the heart functions during exercise or pharmacologic stress, helping to identify areas of ischemia (reduced blood flow)
Blood Tests : Can show elevated signs of cardiac enzymes (troponin and myoglobin) which is usually released during an MI and a lipid panel for cholesterol levels as well as blood glucose
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CT Scan : Provide detailed images of the coronary arteries, allowing visualization of plaque buildup and narrowing
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MRI : Assess heart structure, function, and blood flow, as well as identify scar tissue and areas of myocardial damage
PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
Constant Health Awareness: After a heart attack, many people live with ongoing anxiety or fear of recurrence.
Lifestyle Changes are extremely Challenging : Managing diet, exercise, medications, and stress becomes a daily focus, which can be difficult, especially without support.
Emotional and Social Impact : Patients often struggle with frustration, loss of independence, and adapting to a "new normal.
Ongoing Journey : Surviving an MI is just the start of the process, living with CAD/MI requires continuous management and support.
Resilience is Possible : With proper education, healthcare access, and social support, many patients adjust and maintain a good quality of life.
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PATHOGENISIS
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Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis begins with endothelial damage, allowing cholesterol and other substances to accumulate in the artery wall. These deposits, along with inflammatory cells and other substances, form plaque, which narrows the artery and restricts blood flow.
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RISK FACTORS
Enviromental
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Sedentary Lifestyle
With inactivity and unhealthy diet you can become obese and have trouble with high blood pressure and high cholesterol which highly impacts your heart
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Genetic
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Gender
Men are generally at higher risk of CAD than women, at least until menopause
Race/Ethnicity
You are more likely to develop CAD or MI if you are South Asian, Black or Hispanic
INCIDENCE/PREVALANCE
The prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is high, with 15.5 million adults aged 20 and older affected. This translates to roughly 1 in 20 adults. As for Incidence about 805,000 people in the U.S. have a heart attack annually, with about 605,000 of those being a first heart attack.
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