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The interwar period and the second spanish republic, image, image, image,…
The interwar period and the second spanish republic
From a harsh post-war period to the roaring twenties
The ideologies of the post-war period
Nationalism gained support in Wilson's Fourteen Points
The socialist movement split and the ideology of communism appeared
The roaring twenties
The League of Nations was established in 1919 to promote peaceful
The prosperity of the United States was due to the development of industry
The crisis of 1929 and the great depression
An abrupt end to prosperity
Much of the boom in the US economy was based on massive financial growth
Industrial production declined a great deal in a short period of time
The New York Stock Exchange, the main indicator of the world economy, was overvalued
Many countries depended on US loans
Measures to overcome the great depression
In the United States, president Roosevelt proposed a shock plan
The Great Depression especially affected industrialised countries
In Great Britain the state did not intervene in the economy and restricted itself to devaluing the pound by 25%
Protectionism consists of establishing customs tariffs on imports to favour the country’s own industry
The crisis of democracy and the rise of totalitarianism
The main factor was the crisis of the capitalist system
Some dictatorships were totalitarian regimes with some common characteristics
Dictatorship and the absence of individual freedoms and information
Exaltation of the dictator and a personality cult
An all-embracing state with power that controlled all facets of citizens’ lives
An official state ideology
A single mass party that represented the official ideology
Mobilisation of the masses in support of that ideology
Repression of any idea or activity that differs from or questions the power of the state
System of terror and violence, with a powerful political police force to ensure critics are repressed
Fascism
Characteristics of fascist regimes
Italy and Germany had some features in common
Anti-communism, anti-liberalism and anti-feminism
Radical nationalism
Imperialism and militarism
Irrationalism
State-led capitalist economy
Totalitarianism
Belligerence against international institutions
Racism and xenophobia
Italian fascism
Italy didn't gain strength because of these factors
The post-war economic crisis,
Italians’ deep frustration over the lack of attention its country was given by the Treaties of Paris in 1919
Benito Mussolini founded the National Fascist Party
The Blackshirts undertook the March on Rome
the Parliament was dissolved and a fascist dictatorship was installed
Nazism
These difficulties led to the creation of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party
Anti-Semitism
Anti-communism
The murder of disabled people
Living space
Superiority of the Aryan race
Revanchism against France
Anti-Semitism
Anti-Semitism was one of the ideological foundations of the Nazi regime.
