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Ch 12 - Coggle Diagram
Ch 12
Modern agriculture
Monoculture
biotechnology (genetic modifications)
Marker-assisted breeding: traditional breeding sped up using molecular biological techniques
Transgenic: gene taken from completely different organism
Genetically modified organism (GMO)
advantages
higher crop yield, more nutrient value, resistance to biological pests, tolerance to change environmental conditions
disadvantages
pesticide use, ecological impacts, new toxins
controversy
activists protest, want mandatory labeling, want policies on GMO use
food crisis: prolonged shortage of food supply that leads to unrest and death
Food security: access for every person to healthily, nutrient rich food for active and healthy life
Hunger: lack of basic food required to provide energy and to meet nutritional needs
undernourishment: lack of adequate food for energy
malnutrition: lack of essential nutrients
over-nourishment: eating to much
Trade: importing and exporting goods between nations
US leads export of grans, feeds, tree nuts (words bread basket)
Traditional agriculture
Subsistence agriculture: farmers grow enough crops to feed family with little profit
Slash and burn agriculture in Brazil