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Endocrine System-Daisy Hernandez Per.5 - Coggle Diagram
Endocrine System-Daisy Hernandez Per.5
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
CONTROS & INTEGRATES
-reproduction
-growth& development -maintenance of electrolyte, water 7 nutrient balance of blood
-regulation of cellular metabolism & energy balance
-Mobilization of body defenses
ENDOCRINE GLANDS FUNC
-produce hormones -lacks ducts
Influence metabolic activities hormones in blood, responses slower but longer.
MAJOR ENDOCRINE GLANDS/ORGANS & THEIR FUNCTIONS
PINEAL GLAND
MLT
Regulates sleep-wake cycles & ciracadiam rhythms
POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
ADH
Regulates water balance & blood pressure
OXT
Stimulates uterine contractions & milk ejection during breast feeding
ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
GH
Stimulates growth & metabolism
ACTH
Stimulates growth & metabolism
TSH
Regulates thyroid hormone production
LH
Triggers ovulation & testosterone Prod.
FSH
Stimulates egg & sperm prod
PRL
Promotes milk prod in the MAMMARY GLANDS
HYPOTHALAMUS
TRH
Stimulates TSH & PRL release
PARATHYROID GLANDS
PTH
_Stimulating osteoclasts to release Ca2+
Increase Ca2+
Activate Vitamin D
THYROID GLAND
T4
Regulates metabolism & energy prod
T3
More active form of T4, controls metabolism
CT
lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption
THYMUS
TL
Supports T-cell development & maturation
PANCREAS
GCG
Raises blood glucose by stimulating release
iNS
lowers blood sugar by promoting glucose uptake
OVARY
P4
supports pregnancy & prepare the uterus for implantantion
E2
Regulates f. reproduction development & MENSTRUAL cycle
TESTIS
T
Develops male characterisitics
OUTER CORTEX
CORT
synthesis of glucose frm protein & fat
Slows down activation of defense cells
ALDO
Maintain salt-water lev. by acting like kidneys
Maintains blood pressure
INNER MEDULLA
EPI
Acts as sympathetic nervous system (emergency)
NE
Acts along w/ EPI
COMPARE & CONTRAST
STERIOD HORMONES
Derived from cholesterol (liquids)
Liquid soluable
Inside the cell is the receptor
MECHANISM of action directly regulate gene transcription
Speed of action is slower onset but long lasting
Transport in blood require carrier proteins
HORMONES: COrtisol, ALDO, P4, E2, T
NON-STEROID HORMONES
made of proteins, peptides, or amino acids
water soluble
receptor is on cell surface
use second messengers
faster but short lived for speed of action
Transport blood freely
HORMONES: Insulin, GCG, GH, Prolactin, Oxytocin, ADH, PTH, Calcitonin, TSH, LH, FSH, eprinephrine, norepinephrine, melatonin, T4, T3
HOMEOSTATIC MECHANISMS OF HORMONE REGULATION
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
A change in a condition and triggers a response that reverses that change, bringing the system back to its normal set point.
A stimulate changes in the internal environment
The endocrine system releases a hormone to counteract that change
Once normal levels are stored, the prod of that hormone is inhibited
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
A change in a condition triggers a response that amplifies the change.
A stimulus causes hormones release
The hormones causes more of the stimulus
This continues until a specific outcome interrupts the cycle.
DISEASES
DIABETES MELLITUS (DM)
TYPE 1: Insulin hyposecretion
TYPE 2: Insulin hypoactivity
HYPOSECRETION OF TH
in adults causes mysedema (low metabolism, sluggishness, dry skin)
HYPOSECRETION CRUSHING
impairs bone/cartilage, immune and organ functions
HYPOSECRETION ADDISONS DISEASE
deficient glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids