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Italian Foreign Policy - Coggle Diagram
Italian Foreign Policy
Stresa Front 1935
Suppressed Hitlers first attempt at Anschluss in 1934 because he moved troops to the Austrian border
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Mussolini thought in this meeting Britain and France hinted at approval of Abyssinia but they claim they never did
Abysinnia
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October 1935 Mussolini ordered the invasion of Abyssinia and shocked many with his use of poisoned gas
Over 400,000 Italian troops fought
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He supported General Franco nationalist in the Spanish civil war which further weakened his military but brought him closer to Hitler
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Rome-Berlin Axis
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Due to the Abyssinian war Italy's relations with Britain and France deteriorated due to new imposed sanctions
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Mussolini abandoned role as Austrian protector which led to Anschluss in 1938 which Mussolini made no protest about
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Pact of Steel
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Unofficially claimed Italy wasn't militarily ready for war until 1942/43 due to Spanish civil war and Abyssinia
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Historian views
Mussolini was seen as ineffective and lacking clear objectives "saw dust Caesar" (Professor Denis Mack Smith, AJP Taylor)
Italy contributed but wasn't a decisive factor in causing the outbreak of WW2 (due to not being prepared for war)
Clearly did have worries about outbreak of general outbreak of European war (due to efforts to convene at Four Powers conference in Munich in September 1938)