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First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRP) - Coggle Diagram
First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRP)
Types
VRRPv2 and VRRPv3
GLBP and GLBP for IPv6
HSRP and HSRP for IPv6
IRDP
Purpose
Allows multiple routers to work together as a virtual router, ensuring seamless failover if the active router fails.
Hosts use the virtual router’s IP and MAC addresses, so they don’t notice a failure.
Prevents a single point of failure at the default gateway in a network.
steps when the active router fails
The standby router assumes the role of the forwarding router.
Because the new forwarding router assumes both the IPv4 and MAC addresses of the virtual router, the host devices see no disruption in service.
The standby router stops seeing Hello messages from the forwarding router.
HSRP
Routers
active
forwards traffic
standby
takes over if the active fails
have a Priority and Preemption
The router with the highest priority becomes active.
Preemption allows a higher-priority router to take over immediately when it comes online.
is
Cisco-proprietary FHRP designed to allow for transparent failover of a first-hop IP device
States
listen
speak
learn
standby
initial