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How effectively did William I deal with threats to Normandy? - Coggle…
How effectively did William I deal with threats to Normandy?
Maine 9/10
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1072 - Will invading Scotland. Maine seized by Count of Anjou, worrying as sign the succession dispute in Anjou was over and one of Normandy's strong rivals Anjou was back to strength
1069 - Will tied up in England dealing with rebellions, Maine revolt and one of his own lords Geoffrey takes control
Took 4 years to respond due to issues in England
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1073 - England now secure after success in Scotland so invades Maine. 'Europe's most feared warrior' now that he England's resources, a mix of speed and surprise meant could re-take control in just a few weeks, sign it was potentially just a distraction?
Philip I of France 2/10
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Didn't lose any territory at Dol
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Defeat at Dol 1076, William lay siege to Dol after Earl that rebelled in 1075 fled there, Philip's arrival to defend though caused Norman retreat due to surprise
Gifted Edgar Atheling a castle with the sole purpose of harassing Normandy
Impact: First military set back so reputation as being invulnerable had been ruined, loss of men but most importantly emboldened Philip who took Vexin (a crucial buffer between Normandy and Philip) following leaders retirement, no opposition from Will. Robert also seen as sign of Will's decline so chose to rebel? Previously a loyal son
Robert Curthose 5/10
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Successfully defended Rouen castle after Robert, demanding more power, attempts to seize in revolt. Rob flees to exile
Williams reputation as being invulnerable already broken
With the Pope urging for reconciliation in Easter 1080 Will reconfirms Rob's inheritance of Normandy, as a sign of loyalty Rob goes and punishes Scotland, ease of reconciliation shows not really a large issue
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Philip supplied Robert with knights as well as the castle at Gerberoy which allowed Rob to keep raiding Normandy, shows how ineffective Will was at dealing with Philip
Will lays siege to Gerberoy in December 1078 incredibly humiliating, unhorsed and wounded in the arm by Robert who unexpectedly won
During Gerberoy Malcom used William being distracted to ravage the Scottish border
Death Inheritance 1/10
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Giving Robert Normandy prevents future rebellions, however due to the superiority of England it creates issues regardless
Was just conforming to the Norman tradition, however very different to a typical European Kings
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Conformed to the Norman custom of giving Normandy to 1st Son (Rob) and Conquest lands to Second (Will II)
By doing this he had divided his land at time of huge threat from Philip in France (Will died after fighting Philip in Mantes) and Malcom in Scotland
Undid his finest achievement of uniting the Anglo-Norman Kingdom
Perhaps divided lands due to anger still towards Robert and not wanting to give him all (thus had ineffectively dealt with him)