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Geographic Information Systems GIS_technology_and_geography_630_465_84_int…
Geographic Information Systems
Introduction
Components of Geographic Information
Attributes
Location
Time
Types and Classification of Geographic Information
Nature of Geographic Information
Representation of Geographic Information
Applications of GIT
Quality of Geographic Information
Geographic Information System (GIS)
Quality Assessment
Geographic Information Technologies (GIT)
GPS (Real-time location)
Elevation models (infrastructure, hydrology)
Remote Sensing (Satellite images, changes)
Network analysis (routes and connectivity)
GIS (Geographic Information Systems)
Data Models and Structures in GIS
Data Structures
Data Models
Geographic Models
GIS Data Formats
Geographic Information Revolution
Raster and Vector Models
GIS Applications
Land use planning and resource management
Spatial analysis and modeling of environmental phenomena
Capture and storage of geographic data (GPS, remote sensing)
Simulation of geographic scenarios and risk evaluation
General Considerations
Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Model
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Raster Model
Characteristics of the Raster Model
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Vector Model
Characteristics of the Vector Model
Applications and Hybrid Use
Combined use of raster and vector models to represent forms in vector and processes in raster
Format compatibility depending on software and conversion tools
Types of Data Models in GIS
Vector
Uses geometric shapes: points, lines, polygons
High precision in location of elements
Represents discrete objects (roads, lakes, buildings)
Raster
Based on a grid of cells
Useful for environmental phenomena and satellite image analysis
Represents continuous data (temperature, elevation, vegetation cover)
General Comparison
GIS as Models of the Real World
Allow analysis, manipulation, and visualization of geographic data
Represent the world in digital format
Structured in a Data Model
Information Management
Charts in GIS
Statistical Analysis Tools in GIS
Interpolation analysis
Cluster analysis
Density analysis
Spatial regression
Tables in GIS
Editing
Relationships
Visualization
Analysis
Elements and Format of a GIS Table
Search, Queries, and Data Selection in GIS
Queries
Data selection
Searches
Calculations in GIS
Interpolation analysis
Network analysis
Density analysis
Pattern analysis
Distance analysis
GIS Layers
Organization
Layer overlay
Geographic information represented in a file
Uses of layers
Database
Forms of Data Input in GIS
Problems in GIS Databases
Types of Data in GIS
Elevation data
Aerial image data
Raster data
3D model data
Vector data
Functionality of a GIS Database
Presentation of Information in GIS
Graphs
Satellite images
Maps
Animations
Select reference coordinate system
Create spatial data structure
Design the database schema
Define database attributes
Choose a database tool
Establish data capture process
Determine project scope
Establish data maintenance process
Identify user needs
Define access permissions
