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Social and Preventive Pediatrics - Coggle Diagram
Social and Preventive Pediatrics
. Three Levels of
Prevention:
Primary Prevention: Prevents disease before it occurs (e.g., immunization).
Secondary Prevention: Early disease detection to stop or reverse its progression.
Tertiary Prevention: Prevents complications in established diseases.
Genetic and Congenital Disease Prevention:
Includes pre-marital counseling, prenatal screening for congenital anomalies and infections.
Prevention of Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders:
Neonatal screening for disorders like hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria helps in early intervention.
Nutritional Disorder Prevention:
Early supplementation with iron and vitamin D helps prevent anemia and rickets.
Prevention of Handicaps
Through quality antenatal and intrapartum care to avoid issues like Erb’s palsy.
Early detection of congenital hip dislocation, hearing and vision problems.
injury and Accident Prevention:
Special attention to infant safety at home since over 25% of accidents occur there.
Mental and Emotional Health:
Focus on preventing psychiatric and emotional disorders from early life stages.
Prevention of Infectious Diseases:
Achieved via:
a) Isolation
b) Eliminating transmission sources
c) Destroying infectious agents
d) Enhancing host resistance via immunoprophylaxis and antimicrobial prophylaxis.
Types of Immunity:
Passive Immunity: Natural (from mother) or artificial (antibody administration).
Active Immunity: Natural (post-infection) or artificial (vaccines/toxoids).
Vaccine Classifications and Examples:
Live Attenuated Vaccines: Measles, Mumps, OPV, BCG.
Killed Vaccines: Rabies, Influenza, Pertussis.
Toxoids: Tetanus, Diphtheria.
Genetically Engineered: Hepatitis B, HPV.
Includes Egypt’s Ministry of Health immunization schedule (e.g., DPT, OPV, HBV, MMR, HIB).