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SEPERATING MIXTURES - Coggle Diagram
SEPERATING MIXTURES
SEPARATION OF SOLID-LIQUID MIXTURES
FILTRATION
Used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
e.g. filtration can be used to separate chalk powder from water
A filter paper is used to filter an insoluble solid from a liquid
EVAPORATION
CRYTALLISATION
CHROMATOGRAPHY
DISTILLATION
MIXTURES
Solid-Solid
Sublimation
Magnetic attraction
Solid-Liquid
Filtration
Evaporation
Crystallisation
Chromotagraphy
Simple distillation
Liquid-Liquid
Fractional distillation
Why do we need to separate mixtures?
Mixtures consist of 2 or more substances which are mixed without being chemically bonded together.
Purity of substances is important in our daily lives
WHY?
To obtain useful substances
Air contains useful substances such as oxygen and nitrogen which have their respective applications
Seawater contains table salt for cooking or preserving foods
Reservoirs provide freshwater for drinking
Crude oil contains useful fuels such as petrol and kerosene
To study the properties
Chemists need pure substances to study their chemical and physical properties
To avoid unwanted consequences
Impurities in drugs and food can produce unwanted side effects, so purity is very important in pharmaceutical industry
Mixtures can be separated easily into pure substances by purification techniques. These techniques are physical methods