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1.1 CENTAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 (SIR YONG) - Coggle Diagram
1.1 CENTAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 1 (SIR YONG)
1. ANATOMY OF BRAIN
Gyrus - line bw fold of brain
Sulcus - Big fold
CNS consists of brain and spinal cord
Cereberum - large brain
Frontal - motor
Parietal - sensation
Occipital - eye
Humonymous hemianopia - half side of visual sight x see
Scotoma - 1 quadrant x see
Temporal - hearing
Cerebellum - small brain
Coordination and balance
2. COMMON SIGN AND SYMPTOMS - AND QUESTION TO EACH SYMPTOMS
Ask based on
S.O.C.R.A.T.E.S
Symptoms (
DANIELLA, DANIEL, SUNA , HERNERSY LEO NAK TO WONDERLAND
)
Headache
Related to
Migraine
Muscle contraction
Tension
Headache that unchanged and occur several years :arrow_right:not likely relate to present illness
Headache on set > headache chronic duration
Loss of consciousness aka BLACK OUT
result from
Cardiovascular
Neurological prob
Pt described
Actuall LOC
Dimming vision
:arrow_down: awareness of surrounding w/o actual LOC
Seizure - abnormal excessive conduction discharge of neurons in cerebral
Petit mal @ absence seizure - stare blankly
Seizure :arrow_right: Convulsions
Types
Focal seizure - one part of cerebral
Generalized seizure - Whole area of cerebral
Dizziness
Types
Vertigo @ light headedness
Sense of spinning and turning while at rest position
Denitus for hypertension pt
Dementia
NOT DISEASE
- The condition is characterized by a gradual decline in various intellectual functions, including orientation, memory, judgment, and other cognitive abilities.
Possible causes
Alzheimer - amyloid plug
Abnormal protein level form plaque in brain bw neuron :arrow_right: disrupt cell funct
Metabolic disorder - Hypoglycemia
Numbness
Palpate distal pulses radial pulse exp
Pt described
Pins and needless sensation
coolness
pain
clumsiness
Weakness
Types
Proximal
exp - hard to brush
Distal
exp - hard to push button, hold pencil
Tremor - Rythmic motion of distal parts of limb / head
If slowly occur - could be pathology
3-6 cycles/second
Psyhiological tremors
10 -12 cycles / second
Obvious after exercise
3. MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION
(
JASOMM
)
Judgement
Ask pt to solve simple prob
Correct judgment requires higher cerebral
function
Attention
Speech
Dysarthria - articulation of speech TYPES
Cerebellar dysarthria
Pseudobulbar dysarthria
Bulbar dysarthria
Cortical dysarthria
Aphasia - Disturbance of the ability to use language,
whether in speaking, writing, or
comprehending.
Mood
Very happy - ELATION / EUPHORIA
Very sad - DEPRESSION / DESPAIR
Memory
Ask pt to remember 3 words :arrow_right: after 5 mins, ask pt to repeat the 3 words
May relate to lesion in temporal lobe
Orientation - ask about time and place