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Ecology (Chapter 3): - Coggle Diagram
Ecology (Chapter 3):
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Individuals, Population and Communities in Ecosystems:
Species: A group of organisms that can reproduce with one another as well as create fertile offspring.
Community: How organisms from different species interact with one another (within a given time and area).
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Other:
length of reproductive life: Includes the age of sexual maturity and how many years of sexual productivity.
Density-independent factors: Factors that affect a population regardless of density. E.g. forest fires and floods.
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Density-Dependent factors: Factors affecting a population based on how dense it is. E.g. availability for food.
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Classifying Life Forms:
Taxonomy: The scientific study on how things are classified (grouped and named). Taxonomy has evolved through time as we have discovered new organisms and been able to make evolutionary connections between them. Grouping things based on their similarities.
In order from top to bottom/Binomial Nomenculture: Danish King Philip Came Over For Good Soup. -> to help memorize.
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Domain:
Bacteria: Are single celled prokaryotic organisms that are found nearly everywhere. They thrive off of organic matter and can be both useful and harmful to living things.
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Archea: Prokaryotic organisms that don't have a nucleus or cell membrane and are single celled. They are very similar to bacteria however, they often live in extremely harsh environments which also gives them distinguishable characteristics.
Kingdoms:
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Animalia: Large organisms that can move, consume, and most importantly, experience its surroundings using its senses.
Archeabacteria: Special kind of bacteria that live in very harsh environments E.g. thermal vent bacteria.
Plantae: Autotrophic organisms that cannot move and do not have sense. They produce their own food and have roots, leaves, stems.
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Environmental Changes:
Population Fluctuation: The dependent relationship between different organisms within an ecosystem or food chain. If one species population drops, the animals above that trophic level that feed on that species, will also have their population drop because of a reduced supply of food.
Abiotic disturbances: Non-living components of an ecosystem that are being changed or destroyed by forces of nature. Can both be man or natural made disturbances. E.g. Floods and forest fires. Disturbances can both be good and bad.
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Exotic/introduced species: Species that are not native to an ecosystem which do not have any natural predators. This allows them to thrive and out-compete other organisms for resources. This can harm a food chain/food web Because not enough food is left for the native organisms. Introduced species often become invasive ones.
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