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THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD (Thomas Stearns Eliot), THE WASTE LAND (1922) …
THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD
(
Thomas Stearns Eliot
)
The Burial of the dead
is the first section of
The Waste Land
. The title refers to the meaningless, empty and alienated condition of men who are living deadly and also recalling the anglican rite called "
The Order of the Burial of the Dead
"
UNREAL CITY
Brown Fog
In this part Eliot used a lot of words achieving successfully the idea of
the Social Alienation
. When he says "each men fix his eyes before his feet" (line 13), it's clear that people are living in a lifeless condition.
Even the clock of
Saint Mary Woolnoth
seems to sound deadly at hour 9:00 (the hour to go to work).
Crowd flowing over the London Bridge
Sighs
Dead has Undone so many
STETSON OVER THERE
Among the Crowd, a known man called
Stetson
.
Eliot is now speaking in
first person
in a
direct dialogue
form; asking if "
the planted corpes
" are blooming or not. Those bodies belong to the soldiers fell during the war and it gives us an unexpected sense of surprise. The last line is strongly direct to the reader (us).
THE IMAGE OF CRUEL APRIL
The
month of April
is supposed to
give life and hope
, in this case Eliot depicted it as the cruellest moment which gift life to something that was previously dull. The deadly risk is "
mixing Memory and Desire
" (lines 2-3) (reviving the instinct of fighting for life).
Winter is now praised as a moment of pure
forgetfulness
fed dried tubers to "
a little life
" (line 7).
THE ELIOT'S QUOTES
are used for strengthen a concept and give proof of the heavy culture. In addition the usage of so many quotes is to rely to the idea of the simultaneously
existence of present and past in literature
.
Unreal City
(C.Baudelaries)
I had not thought death had undone so many
(D. Alighieri)
Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled
(D. Alighieri)
There I saw one I knew
(D.Alighieri)
Mylae Battle (Eliot is using a roman historical event of the first Punic War to express the idea of
war
)
O keep the Dog far hence, that's friend to men
(J.Webster)
hypocrite lecteur! mon semblable! mon frère!
(C.Baudelaire)
THE WASTE LAND
(1922)
Thomas Stearns Eliot
T.S. Eliot wrote his masterpiece during his recovery in a Swiss sanatorium in Lausanne.
Poetry was his only refuge
.
The masterpiece is divided into
5 section
THE FIRE SERMON
DEATH BY WATER
THE GAME OF CHESS
WHAT THE THUNDER SAID
THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD
THE STRUCTURE
Best example of the modernist poetry "
The Waste Land
" has numerous themes as:
fertility of a mythical past
,
spiritual sterility of the present
,
the collapse of the civilisation
and
the despair of living
.
Through
fragmented images
and
multiple narrative voices
the author
WANT the reader to read
.
THE MYTHICAL METHOD
The mythical past Eliot sworn to get out is apprehended by the most famous books as the
Bible
, the
Hindu Sacred Texts
, so that he could create the connection between past and present.
History for the author is a simple repetition of facts; a "classicism" consisting in the interpretation of the past for previewing the present.
The shifts in time and space are called by the author "
Unattended Moments
" a sort of
free associations of ideas and thoughts
.
INNOVATIVE STYLE
The author style is a
mixture of different poetic styles
.
blank verses
,
quatrains
,
free verses
... all of them are used just to increase the curiosity of the reader employing
technique of implication
.
THE OBJECTIVE CORRELATIVE
Metaphores and symbols are replaced by a usage of a cluster of events and images that gives the interpretation of the idea to the reader itself. The objective is to
EVOKE
the
EMOTIONS
.
It is reached by the juxtaposition of
squalid therms
and
poetic words
even to increase the musicality of the poems.