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1.1 - Systems Architecture - Coggle Diagram
1.1 - Systems Architecture
CPU
The Purpose of the cpu is to fetch,execute and decode instructions
Fetch,Decode Execute Cycle
Fetch
Fetches the next instruction from the main memory (RAM)
Decode
Inspects instruction and works out what it needs to be doing
Execute
Carries out the instruction
Components of the CPU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Performs calculations and logical decisions
Control Unit (CU)
Sends signals to control how data moves around the CPU
Cache
Provides fast access to frequently used instructions and data
Register
Tiny, Super fast pieces of onboard memory inside the cpu each with a specfic purpose
Things that effect the CPUS overall performance
Clock Speed
Cache Size
Number of cores
The Von Neumann architecture
Structures
Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
Memory Unit (typically RAM)
Inputs and outputs
Registers
Program Counter (PC)
Holds the address of the next instruction in memory
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Holds the address of where data is to be fetched or stored
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Holds the data in fetched form, or to be written to memory
Accumulator
Holds results of calculations
Current Instruction Register(CIR)
temporarily stores the instruction currently being executed by the processor
Embedded systems
A computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical system
Properties
Small size
Low power cosumption
Low cost per unit
Rugged operating ranges
Examples
Traffic lights
Domestic applicances
Factory equipment
Engine management systems
Hospital equipment