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ch1 - Coggle Diagram
ch1
Electrical System
Power supply [PSU]
Converts AC voltage external source to DC voltage
Reduces voltage from 110-120 volts to 12 volts or less
Temperatures > 185° F (85° C) can cause component failure
Higher Volt = higher heat!
Hardware Needs Software to Work
Hardware
physical component
e.g. monitor, keyboard, memory, hard drive
Has 2 states
On
Off
Software
actual program
Instruction set
use hardware for 4 functions
Input
primary input device
keyboard
mouse
scanner
camera
need electricity from inside case
Processing
CPU
storage
Temporary
RAM
Permanent
hard drive
primary output device
Monitor
Printer
Hardware component
need electrical system
User connect with Com
through Input device
binary number
0 & 1
Bit = 8 digit [e.g. 01010101]
Byte = 8 Bits
use for
calculation
storage operation
counting
ASCLL
storing information
PC Hardware component
storage & processing
Internal device
Motherboard
CPU
memory
Power supply
Hard drive [permanent storage]
Adapter cards
internal communication
External communication
Cables to connect device
Adapter card
[in expansion slots]
Cable types
[Data & power]
Expansionary cards /
[adapter cards]
provide
port > motherboard
S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface)
e.g.
USB 2.0: 480 Mbps
USB 3.0: 5 Gbps
Cards that connect the CPU to an external device
Processer & Chipset
[with in motherboard]
CPU
process most of data
generate heat!
chipset
group of 2 microchips
controlling data flow
Major CPU today
intel
AMD
Motherboard + communication other device
Traces
Bus
System clock
One megahertz (MHz):
one million cycles per second
One gigahertz (GHz):
one billion cycles per second
Hardware for I/O
[input - output]
I/O device communication with computer component
cable using port
wireless
Primary input device
need electricity from inside case
e.g. keyboard
primary output devices
e.g. monitor, printer
Motherboard
main board / system board
contains
CPU
expansionary slots
component
Processing
temporary storage
communication
power
storage device
Primary storage/
Main memory
High data access speed
with in motherboard
temporary storage
use by processor
RAM
[random access memory]
volatile storage
DIMM/
dual inline memory module slots
video memory
directly process by CPU
Secondary storage/
permanent storage
Nonvolatile/
data still remain after power off
More capacity
slower access speed
e.g. hard drive, usb,CD
Example
Hard drive
SSD
Magnetic hard drives [IDE]
ATA
Serial ATA standard
Parallel ATA (PATA)
Optical drives
ROM
[read-only memory]
USB
not directly process by CPU
Instruction Store on Motherboard & other board
BIOS/
basic input/output system
3 purpose
system BIOS:
manage simple device
Start Up:
stats the com
CMOS setup:
changes motherboard setting
CMOS RAM
date
time
port configurations
Extensible Firmware Interface [EFI]
improve BIOS
3 ways
faster
2.mouse-enable
3.secure boot
BIOS boots through CSM/
[compatibility support module]