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localisation of function in the brain and hemispheric lateralisation -…
localisation of function in the brain and hemispheric lateralisation
localisation
motor
at the back of the frontal lobe, controls voluntary movement on the opposite side of the body. damage to this area may mean loss of fine movements
somatosensory
front of the parietal lobe , separated from the motor area by the central sulcus. the area where sensory information from the skin is represented
visual
occipital lobe at the back of the brain, each eye sends information to the opposite side of the occipital lobe
auditory
located in the temporal lobes. this area analyses speach based information. damage may produce hearing loss.
language
only found in the left hemisphere.
in the 1880s brocca identified a small area in the left frontal lobe, responsible for speech production, damage results in slow speech which lacks fluency - broccas asphasia
wernickes area is located in the left temporal lobe - responsible for language comprehension. damage results in patients producing nonsense words as part of their speech - wernickes asphasia
the cerebral cortex is the outer layer of both hemispheres, the cortex of both hemispheres is subdivided into four centres, called the lobes
frontal lobe
parietal lobe
occipital lobe
temporal lobe
split brain research
placticity and functional recovery of the brain after trauma
localisation evaluation
supporting evidence +
Phineas Gage demonstrated the role of the frontal lobe in mood regulation
brain scans such as peterson et al who showed how wernickes area was active during listening and brocas area was active during a reading task
case studies are unique -
so generalisations are limited
research has practical applications +
knowledge about the language centres in the brain has led to applications in speech and language therapy