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English Science Review - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Direction
        
        Example: A ball moving north is kicked and now it moves south
      - Speed
        
        Example: A ball not moving is kicked, the ball goes from 0km/h to 80km/h
      - Shape
        
        Example: A piece of dough is kneaded into a sheet
    - - An object remains in rest, or remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
  - - - The extension of an object is proportional to the force applied
      - Is correct until the object reaches the elastic limit
  - - - Newtons
    - - Kilograms
  - - - Load
      - Pivot
        
        Can also be called a fulcrum
      - Effort/force
        
        Measured in newtons
        
        Has a direction
    - - Force
        
        Decreases the effort needed, increases the force exerted
      - Distance
        
        Increases the distance that the load moves
    - - Simple machine: A tool that helps you complete a job
    - - Turning effect of an object
      - Unit
        
        Combines the units of force and distance
        
        Example: Nm(Newton meters)
      - Calculation
        
        Moments=F(Force/N)*D(Distance from the load to the pivot, can have varied units)
        
        Distance
        
        Moments Divided By Force
        
        Force
        
        Moments Divided By Distance
      - Turning effect
        
        When one side's moments is higher than the other, the lever tips
        
        Two directions
        
        Clockwise
        
        Anti-clockwise
        
        Generally described from the larger perspective
      - State of equilibrium
        
        When the moments on both sides is the same and the lever does not tip
  - - - Pressure - N/cm^2(Standard - The units can vary depending on the situation)
        
        Force divided by Area
        
        Special units: Pa - Pascal/bar. Equivalent to N/m^2
      - Force - N
        
        Pressure multiplied by Area
      - Area - cm^2(Standard - units can vary depending on the situation)
        
        Force divided by pressure
    - - Amount of molecules
        
        The more molecules
        
        The more times they would collide with the wall/confinement
        
        Stretching/making the wall/confinement taut
        
        Leading to pressure
    - - Different at different depths
        
        Because the density of water changes
      - The same in all directions/multidirectional
    - - The opposite of tension
      - Most commonly done with gases
      - Creates pressure
        
        Can cause gas molecules to change into liquid particles
      - Closes the amount of space a given amount of particles has
      - Can be undergone by
        
        Liquids
        
        Solids
        
        Gases
        
        Living systems
    - - Molecules collide
        
        Collision creates pressure on the walls
      - Molecules would flow from a place of high pressure to low pressure
  - - - Temperature
      - The medium/the properties of the medium
      - Air convecion
        
        Applies only to gas
      - The amount of space needed to spread into
      - Atmospheric pressure
    - - Movement of particles
        
        From high concentration to low
        
        Random movements
        
        WOuld spread until the particles are evenly distributed
- - - - Use data of the experiment/Specific findings(Numbers and units)
  - - - Range of data
        
        Linear
        
        Used to represent reltionships
      - Example: Line chart
    - - Example: Bar Chart
      - Catagorical data
        
        Specific
        
        Separate
        
        Data can be represented by a specific label or name
    - - X and Y Axis
      - Title
      - Heading
      - Plotting
      - Line - Best fit line(Continuous, one go)
      - Units
  - - - How much heavier it is in comparison with hydrogen
      - Can also be seen as the combined weight of protons and neutrons
    - - How many electrons/Protons
        
        They are equal because protons give off a positive charge and electrons give off a negative charge
        
        Can be different, atoms can gain or lose electrons
        
        Called an ion once electron structure changes
- - - - Has to be balanced
    - - Reactants
      - Product
  - - - Irreversible
      - Can be different reactions
        
        If changes fulfill one of the following, there has been a chemical reaction
        
        Precipitation reaction
        
        Change of arrangement of atoms
        
        Property change
        
        pH level change
        
        Temperature change
        
        Endothermic
        
        Exothermic