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theories of crime - Coggle Diagram

- - - - the underclass
- - - - strain theory
        
        when an individual is unable to achieve mainstream goals, they feel a strain to deviate
        
        conformist
        
        ritualist
        
        retreatist
        
        rebellion
        
        innovator
    - - subcultural strain theory
        
        working class boys feel frustration at not having mainstream status
        
        achieve alternative forms of status
        
        may form deviant subcultures
        
        cloward and ohlin
        
        criminal subculture
        
        criminal subculture
        
        retreatist subculture
    - - crime is inevitable and therefore functional for society
      - boundary maintenance
      - value consensus
    - - crime acts as a safety valve that prevents more serious forms of crime
      - relating to sex workers casse study
- - - - labelling theory
        
        when a label is assgned, a person will internalise it
        
        the internalised label can become a master status
        
        Hughes
        
        the person may act in line with the assigned label
    - - primary act
        
        the act itself
      - secondary deviance
        
        the social response to the crime
    - - reintegrative shaming
      - disintegrative shaming
    - - the media creates moral panics
        
        mods and rockers case study
      - deviancy amplification
- - - - crime is inevitable in a capitalist society
      - criminogenic capitalism
    - - the state is reluctant to pass laws that regulate businesses
    - - laws protect capitalist interests
    - - selective law enforcement
    - - white collar crime