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Diseases of nervous and sensory systems and their interventions - Coggle…
Diseases of nervous and sensory systems and their interventions
Dementia types and causes
Definition: A group of symptoms caused by physical disorders affecting the brain presenting with a range of cognitive issues
Types of Dementia
Alzheimar's Disease
A neurodegenerative disease, meaning there is a decline in nerve cells (neurons) in the brain. Alzheimer's primarily targets and affects neurons, leading to the deterioration of brain tissue.
Stages
Vascular Dementia
Second most common dementia. Commonly caused by strokes (cerebrovascular accident), in which a blood clot is formed, impairing cerebral blood circulation and brain cell death
Prevalence: The elderly aged 65 and above
Parkinson's Disease (PD)
Definition
A complex progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, with postural instability appearing in some patients as the disease progresses. The second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
Development
Progressive Loss of Dopamine
In PD, opamine loss occurs at a considerably faster pace, and both biochemical assessments and imaging studies indicate a substantial decrease in dopamine levels by the time motor symptoms become evident.
This perspective portrays PD as an expedited manifestation of the cellular degeneration observed during the natural aging process.
Diagnosis
The presence of two of the three primary symptoms
The absence of other neurological signs upon examination
No history of other possible causes of parkinsonism, such as the use of tranquilizer medications, head trauma or stroke
Responsiveness to Parkinson's medications, such as levodopa
Age-related disorders of the Visual system