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Criteria: the rise of Songhay - Coggle Diagram
Criteria: the rise of Songhay
Military strength
Sonni Ali
Decline of Mali
Predecessor Maghan is what caused the beginning of the decline.
Under the rule, the Gao princes escaped and fled back to Gao, refusing to pay Mali their taxes, declaring Gao independent.
This was a huge blow for Mali
.
Mali then lost control from Songhay's expansion
The North was attacked from the desserts and the Mossi burned Timbuktu.
Civil war in the center of Mali led to disintegration and the periphery, with Songhay and Wolof being the first to break away.
Other places copied Gao and refused to pay tribute so Mali slowly lost control of the salt and gold trade.
Mali lost the gold trade to Songhay as it was shifting eastward.
1433-34 lost control of Timbuktu, allowing Songhay to fill in the vaccum.
Sonni Ali's predecessors
Sonni Ali didn't start from nothing, despite being known as what causes the empire to grow into the largest empire.
Songhay empire began when the then king took advantage of the weaker areas of Mali so more control over territory could be obtained.
Sonni Mohammed Da'o led an expedition against Mali where he captured prisoners
This then led to an incorporation of tributary's peoples into the Songhay power.
This policy of Westward expansion was continued by Sonni Madawu and Sonni Sulayman Dama who was able to destroy the Mali province.
These actions lay the
foundation
for the rise of the kingdom of Songhay,
with Sonni Ali continuing that legacy
.
Why Mali was strong for so many years
Mainly grew from seizing the gold trade, with the capital becoming the main commerce of trade.
Strength of the leader Mansa Musa was a skilled military leader and created unity in the empire from the introduction of Islam.
Pilgrimage to Mecca enhanced trade as well, creating a Mosque in Gao and Timbuktu.