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The Digestive System - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Chew
      - Tear
      - Grind
      - Mash
      - Mix
  - - - Taking food into the mouth
    - - Breakdown of food into simpler molecules
    - - Simple food molecules pass through the walls of the intestine into the blood
    - - Cells take in food molecules from the blood for energy, growth, repair etc
    - - Undigested food is removed from the body through the anus
  - - - Food enters in the mouth
      - Tasting
      - Mechanical breakdown of food (physical digestion)
      - Produce saliva (chemical digestion)
    - - Teeth
        
        Cut
        
        Tear
        
        Crush
        
        Grind food
        
        How many teeth do you have?
        
        32
        
        8 incisors (4 top, 4 bottom)
        
        Cut food
        
        4 canines (2 top, 2 bottom)
        
        Tear food
        
        8 premolars (4 top, 4 bottom)
        
        Grind food
        
        12 molars (6 top, 6 bottom)
        
        Grind food
      - Salivary glands
        
        Produce saliva
        
        Saliva
        
        Saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase
        
        Action of amylase on starch
        
        Amylase breaks down starch into a sugar called maltose
      - Tongue
        
        Mixes and rolls food into small bits and pushes food into the oesophagus when swallowing
  - - - One allows food into the stomach
      - The other allows food into the small intestine
    - - Grinding and churning of food
      - Hydrochloric acid kills germs and breaks up food
      - Enzymes break down protein into simpler molecules
      - The mixture is now called chyme and passes to the small intestine
  - - - Digestion
        
        Small intestine produces many enzymes
        
        Liver and panreas release substances into the small intestine to aid digestion
      - Absorption
        
        Nutrients pass from the villi into the bloodstream
      - Food molecules are brought from the blood to the liver
      - Liver stores some nutrients and releases other into blood to be brought to cells
      - Cells use there for energy assimilation
    - - Millions of projections called villi provide huge surface area for absorption of nutrients