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BIODIVERSITY, DOMAIN BACTERIA & ARCHEA, Reproduction - mostly sexually…

- - - - :fire: Phylum Hepatophyta
        
        eg. Marchantia sp.
      - :fire: Phylum Bryophyta
        
        eg. Polytrichum sp.
      - :fire: Phylum Anthocerophyta
        
        eg. Anthoceros sp.
    - - :explode: Phylum Lycophyta (club moss & spike moss)
        
        eg. Lycopodium sp. and Selaginella sp.
      - :explode: Phylum Pterophyta (fern)
        
        eg Dryopteris sp.
    - - :tada: Phylum Coniferophyta
        
        eg.pinus sp.
      - :tada: Phylum Cycadophyta
        
        eg. cycas sp.
      - :tada: Phylum Ginkgophyta
        
        eg. Ginkgo biloba.
      - :tada: Phylum Gnetophyta
        
        eg. Gnetum sp.
    - - :<3: Phylum Anthophyta (flowering plant)
        
        eg. flowering plant
  - - - gymnosperms
        
        gametophyte depends on sporophytes
      - pteridophyte
        
        gametophyte and sporophytes live independently
      - bryophytes
        
        sporophyte depends on gametophyte
      - angiosperms
    - - pteridophyte
      - gymnosperms
      - bryophytes
        
        gametophyte dominant
      - angiosperms
        
        sporophyte dominant
    - - pteridophyte
      - gymnosperms
        
        do not require water (non-motile sperm)
      - bryophyte
        
        require water (motile sperm)
      - angiosperms
- - - - Unicellular green algae
        ● Mostly freshwater inhabitants
        ● Pear-shape
        ● Cup-shape chloroplast
        ● Two long flagella
        ● Has eyespot
        
        Chlamydomonas sp.
        ● Eukaryotes
        ● Mostly photosynthetic pigments in plastids.
        ●Mostly live in aquatic environments
    - - ● Unicellular eukaryotes
        ● Mostly motile
        ● Mostly heterotroph nutrition
        ● Lack of cell wall
        ● Live in many different environments ; marine, freshwater and damp soil
  - - - Chlorophyta
        ● Chlamydomonas sp.
        Phaeophyta
        ●Fucus sp.
    - - Euglenophyta
        ● Euglena sp.
        (Flagella)
        Rhizopoda
        ● Amoeba sp.
        (Pseudopodia)
        Ciliophora
        ● Paramecium sp.
        (Cilia)
        Apicomplexa
        ● Plasmodium sp.
        (Non-motile)
- - - - Mycorrhizae
        -symbiotic relationship between plant's root and fungi
        Plant:provide organic nutrient, (sugar,amino acid)
        Fungi:
        
        hyphae increase the absorptive surface of the plant’s roots
        
        protect roots against pathogens.
      - Lichens
        -symbiotic relationship between algae/cyanobacteria and fungi
        
        Fungus provide water and minerals to its partner and protect against desiccation.
        
        Algae carries out photosynthesis to produce energy rich carbon compounds for both members of the lichen
    - - Plant pathogen:
        -many plant disease that kill plants.
        -causes sickness and death to animal that eat the infected plant.
      - Animals/Humans pathogen
        -Fungi mostly invade skin,nails or hair
        
        Ringworm
        
        Athlete's foot
  - - - Septate hyphae
      - Sexual reproduction:
        -production of ascospore
        -produced in ascus(pl.asci)
      - Asexual reproduction:
        production of conidia
      - Example:
        -Penicillium sp.
        -Saccharomyces sp.
    - - Septate hyphae
      - Sexual reproduction:
        -production of basidiospore
        -produced outside basidium(pl.basidia)
      - Asexual reproduction:
        Uncommon and rarely occurs
      - Example:
        Agaricus sp.
    - - Sexual reproduction:
        -production of zygospore
        -produced in zygosporangium(pl.zygosporangia)
      - Asexual reproduction:
        production of spores in sporangium
      - Example:
        Rhizopus sp.
      - Coenocytic @ Aseptate hyphae