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Chapter 6: Traffic Management & Traffic Control Parking, NUR ZULAIKHA…
Chapter 6: Traffic Management & Traffic Control
Parking
The Impacts of Parking
Availability, convenience, and cost of parking affect mode choice.
Owner of a private automobile is likely to use their car if:
Parking is plentiful
Parking is conveniently located
Cost of parking is reasonable
Owner of a private automobile is NOT likely to use their car, and choose an alternative if:
Parking is scarce
Parking is inconvenient
Cost of parking is expensive
Parking affects the vitality of communities, commercial and business centers, transit systems, and airports.
Sufficient parking is important for:
Social visits and trips
Businesses' vitality
Facilitating transport systems (buses, trains, LRT, air travel)
Parking affects the circulation of traffic in downtown areas.
Sufficient parking reduces time spent by drivers finding parking spaces, improving traffic flow in downtown areas.
Parking Policies
Striking a compromise between curb space for parking and moving vehicles.
Provision for parking of delivery vehicles, short-term parkers, and long-term parkers.
Designing parking lots to minimize adverse effects on street traffic.
Enhancing the interests of business establishments through good parking arrangements.
Complementary parking policies, such as car parks near bus stations to enhance bus ridership.
Preserving neighborhood character through parking restrictions and land-use control.
Controlling parking supply and demand through pricing mechanisms to enhance Central Business District (CBD).
Parking Studies
Determine the demand and supply of parking facilities in an area.
Projecting future parking demand.
Considering views of various interest groups to find solutions.
Includes financial feasibility, functional design, structural design, and demand studies.
Types of parking studies: comprehensive, limited, site-specific.
Careful sampling to prevent bias toward oversampling short-term parkers.
Types of Parking Facilities
Public Parking
Off-street parking: parking lots, decks, exclusive parking structures.
On-street parking: regulated or unregulated, may have restrictions (e.g., rush hours, overnight).
Private Parking
Off-street private parking: home or apartment building garages, stalls, driveways, affiliate-specific parking.
On-street private parking: permitted parking.
Definitions of Parking Terms
Space-hour: use of a single parking space for 1 hour.
Parking volume: total number of vehicles parked in a study area within a specific time.
Parking accumulation: number of parked vehicles at a specific time, plotted as a curve.
Parking load: area under the accumulation curve between two specific times.
Parking duration: length of time a vehicle is parked.
Parking turnover: rate of use of a parking space.
Parking demand: number of vehicles desiring to park in a specific location or area.
Parking supply: number of available parking spaces.
Methodology of Parking Studies
Inventory of existing parking facilities.
Collection of parking data:
Accumulation: checking parking amounts at regular intervals.
Turnover and duration: recording license plates of parked vehicles.
Identification of parking generators (e.g., shopping centers, transit terminals).
Collection of information on parking demand through interviews.
Methods of collecting parking data: ins and outs, fixed period, license plate survey, photographs, parking meter revenue, attendance receipts.
NUR ZULAIKHA AIRA BINTI MUNTAZ AHMAD (CN210143)