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Influences on Employee Behavior, External influences general state of…
Influences on Employee Behavior
Goals of HRD
to assist employees & organization in attaining their goals
to improve organizational performance
to change employee behavior
Motivation
Focuses on;
energizing - the generation / mobilization of effort
direction - applying effort to one behavior over another
persistence - continuing to perform a behavior
Worker Motivation;
Based on the individual because of unique
needs
desires
attitudes
goals
Major categories affecting behavior
External forces
Outside organization
state of economy / employment rate
Inside environment
leadership
coworkers
outcomes of performance
Internal forces
Within employee
motivation
KSAs
Major categories of employee behavior
individual personal is multidimensional
Task performance - behaviors central to doing one's job
Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) - critical to organizational effectiveness -not specific to any one task-
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Workforce Investment
-Return On Investment(ROI) to trainee - spend 100 - HRDCorpscharges 1% on payslip
organizations invest a lot of time & money
mest maintain their investment, even when restructing / downsizing
re-training "survivors" to do other work rathen than laying them off
-coaching & mentoring
-individual development
-multi-rater feedback
Supervision & Leadership
sepervisor roles;
-sets expectations
-evaluate performance
-provides feedback
-rewards desirable behavior
-provides discipline
-delegates task and reesponsibilities
Supervisory Influences
-Self-fulfilling prophecy
=supervisor's expectations can influence workers behavior
-Leadership
=non-coercive/voluntarily influence to coordinate activities toward accomplishing goals
Job Design
the development & alteration of the components of a job to improve productivity
can effect behavior & attitudes
altering the job may imrove performance & attitudes
Employee perceptions drive behavior
expectancy theory
-workers will perform behaviors that they perceive will bring valued outcomes
-better the outcomes, better the work
goal-setting theory
social learning theory
equity theory
-outcomes are evaluated by comparing them to the outcomes received by others -based on their needs
equality
-give the same resorces to everyone - everyone gets the same
Model of employee behavior
Factors in the external environment
economic conditions
technological changes
labor market conditions
laws & regulations
labor unions
External factor in organization
Supervision
-leadership
-performance expectations
Organization
-reward structures
-culture
-job design
Coworkers
-norms
-group dynamic
-teamwork
-control over outcomes
the need-based approach
Maslow's Needs Hierarchy
Alderfer's Existence, Relatedness & Growth Theory
Herzbergg's Two-Factor Theory
Group Dynamic Characteristics
Groupthink
-concerned with unanimity(sebulatsuara) rather than making good decisions
Social loafing
-tendency for individuals to reduce level of effort as group becomes larger - ask to join group and expect they're good but ....-lack of motivation
Teamwork
trust
cohesiveness
External influences
general state of economy
government instruction
global & tech. issues
cognitive process approach
Expectancy
-employee believes effort will result in acceptable performance
Instrumentality
-employee believe that acceptable performance will produce the desire reward
Valence
-employee values the reward
Pygmalion Effect
-people are influenced by the expectations built upon them