Isospora [belli95698425b970a5a4bf5b0dd806d60f51

Morphology

Single form - oocyst

Ellipsoidal shape

Sporoblast - immature oocyst

Sporocyst - mature form (double layer covering)

Inside each sporocyst,4 sporozoites develop

Each sporocyst size is 9-14 ×7- 12

This transformation takes place in soil(3-4 days)

Life cycle

Asexual cycle

Sexual cycle

By means of contaminated food and water which harbours sporozoites will cause infection

8 sporozoites will be released in intestine

It starts invading the intestinal epithelial layer

It transforms morphological form and gets multiplied to form merozoites

Microgamete (20-25) and macrogamete (1) takes place in small intestine

One microgamete will fertilize macrogamete

After fertilization the zygote formed is called as immature oocyst. It will released through faecal form

Pathogenicity

Infection is asymptomatic

It infect immunocompetent and immunocompromised patient

Immunocompromised patient - fever,nausea, vomiting, dizziness and sometimes major complications

Lymphadenopathy, hepato spleenomegaly

Lab dignosis

Sample - stool

Modified acid fast staining

Fluorescent staining - Auramine , Rhodomine dyes

Wet mount

Treatment

Immunocompetent patients - supportive treatment to prevent dehydration

Individual receiving immunocompressant drugs- cessation of immunonsuppresants

AIDS or congenital deficiency - continuous supportive therapy

Antimicrobial agents - co- trimoxazole

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